Rebellion against parental control is part of growing up free essay sample

Since young, children have been under paternal control. As they grow up, it is natural for them to rebel against what their parents tell or want them to do after years of being under paternal control. Most parents dislike it and find it frustrating that their children are rebelling against them. However I feel that rebellion against paternal control has its own benefits, if the rebellion is to a certain extent whereby the consequences of their rebellious actions do not affect their future negatively. Hence, I agree that rebellion against parental control is part of growing up. Firstly, rebellion against parental control while growing up may be due to children’s curiousity regarding the bigger world out there that they have not experienced yet. Having grown up under their parents’ control for so many years, it is natural for children to tend to have the urge to find out more about things they do not know which are deemed unfit by their parents. We will write a custom essay sample on Rebellion against parental control is part of growing up or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, parents may forbid their children from going out with their friends, fearing for their safety and due the insecurity they feel as they do not know their children’s friends well and may not be able to trust them. However, if a child rebels against his parents in this situation, he will be able to make more memories with his friends, learn how to take care of himself and how to make the right decisions. Besides children’s inquisitive nature, rebellion against parental control may also be due to a child hoping to learn to become independent. Under parental control, a child always has to listen what their parents say and his actions are always observed by his parents. With such limitations, a child cannot fully discover who he is and unable to learn new skills like responsibility and teamwork which are essential for survival in this harsh society nowadays. By rebelling against parental control, a child can break out of their comfort zone that they have been restricted to for many years and learn to discover what his own interests are and will be happier doing the things that he likes, instead of merely following what his parents want him to do. Lastly, rebellion against parental control may be a result of peer pressure. As a child matures, his group of friends changes too. His friends may have certain interests and he may feel left out if he doesn’t take part in the same activities as them. One example is having a group of friends that like music and the child is the only one without any musical background. His parents may disapprove him going for music lessons as they find it a waste of time and money. However due to the peer pressure, he may rebel against his parents and go for music lessons himself if he has the financial means to do so. This may end up as a benefit for the child as he discovers something new that he might be good at. If he still doesn’t have any interest after a few lessons, it will still be a good experience for him after stepping out of his comfort zone too. In conclusion, rebellion against parental control is part of growing up due to a child’s curiousity, his wish to become independent or peer pressure. Whatever the reason is behind a child’s rebellion, I feel that it is completely natural for children to rebel as they grow up as they will also mature and learn important skills that they require in life. However as the extent to how children may vary, some children may rebel and end up committing acts that may affect their future negatively such as excessive alcohol consumption and shoplifting. Therefore, I think that while parents must still keep an eye on their children, they should learn how let go of their children bit by bit as one day they will all become independent adults too.

Erin Brockovich Film Blog Essay Example

Erin Brockovich Film Blog Essay Example Erin Brockovich Film Blog Paper Erin Brockovich Film Blog Paper Essay Topic: Blog Facts, plot and theme Erin Broccoli is unemployed woman, who is divorced twice with three children, one of them being an Infant. When Erin Is Injured In a car accident she decides to sue the doctor who hit her. She hires the lawyer Deed Massy to represent her in her case. Deed assures her that they will win the case. However, they end up losing the case. After the case Erin tries to get aloud of her lawyer upset at the loss of the case but Deed Ignores her. To Deeds surprise one day upon his arrival to his office he sees Erin In there. After some guilt tripping Erin convinces Deed to hire her as a file clerk at his office. Soon after Erin meets George, her new neighbor. Her kids absolutely love George. George helps Erin take care of her children while she Is gone at work. One day while doing her Job Erin comes across a case the people of Hellene, ca have against the company Pacific Gas and Electric. Erin asks Deed if she can help with the case and he agrees. She then makes a trip to Hinkler to further investigate. There she meets Donna and Peter Jensen who are very ill. They believe their Illness Is a result of the chemical used at the PEG plant, chromium 6. Erin does further research and finds out that PEG was ordered to clean up the chromium from the ground water. When Erin returns to the office Deed fires her because he was unsure of what she was really doing. Deed decides to rehire Erin after a professor at UCLA that Erin had contacted Informs him that the levels of chromium could be responsible for the cancer that the Jensen have. Soon after others in the area come forward with wondering if their troubles could also be a result of the chromium in the area. Deed and Erin decide to start a class action lawsuit against PEG to help the people affected by the actions of PEG. The two work tirelessly to find more people for their case. Erin begins to strain her relationship with her kids and George due to the large amount of time she is spending working on the case. Deed eventually hires Kurt Potter, who is an expert in toxic cases. Kurt convinces Deed and Erin to speed up the process that the best course of action would be to take the case to arbitration. Deed holds a meeting with the people of Hinkler trying to convince them that this is the best way to go to get their settlement money. One night Erin meets a man Charles Embryo, a man who used to work at the plant ND whose cousin Just died from cancer after working at the water-cooling tower. Charles then Informs Erin that while employed at the plant, he was Instructed to destroy a lot of documents, some of which had to do with water tests in the area. Charles gives Erin with information from document that he did not destroy. Erin and Deed then give Kurt the Information, the signatures of the six hundred a thirty-four plaintiffs and the some convicting memos from the PEG office of the Hellene plant. In the end the judge ruled that PEG would have to pay the victims a total three endured and thirty-three million dollars to the victims and Deed gives Erin a check for I think the main theme of the film Erin Broomstick is perseverance. Throughout the whole movie Erin is very determined to help the people of Hinkler get Justice. If Erin had not been so motivated the people would have never been compensated for the terrible injustice that was bestowed on them. The movie demonstrates that through hard work and willpower even the tasks that seem impossible are possible. Characters Erin Broomstick- The main character of the movie. She is a twice-divorced mother of three. Erin is the reason that the case against PEG is pursued in the first place. She is a very strong and outspoken woman. Throughout the movie she tirelessly fights to provide her family with financial stability and bring Justice to the people of Hinkler. Deed Masers- He is first Reins lawyer that loses her case and the reluctantly hires Erin to work at his law firm as a file clerk. He is a very smart man. In the end rewards Erin greatly for her hard efforts. George Reins new neighbor that ends up being her love interest in the movie. He is a very nice and caring individual. He helps take care of Reins children while she is out working constantly. Donna and Peter Jensen- Both sick with cancer from the chromium poisoning. They were the first people she talked to in Hinkler and the reason Erin began her to further investigation. Received 3 million in compensation from the case in the end. Charles Embryo- At first Erin thinks he is kind of a creepy guy. However he ends up being the man that provides evidence to resolve the case. His cousin died of cancer after working at cooling towers of the plant. He is an ex-PEGE employee that was instructed to destroy documents but kept some of them. The documents end up proving that the PEGE plant in San Francisco knew was going on. Kurt Potter- Is an expert on toxic cases. Joins Deed and Erin to help win the case. He provides Deed with much needed money to help fund the case. Convinces them to change the case to arbitration to help speed up the settlement. Assumptions and what I would like to know a. PEGE knew that the chromium was hazardous to the people but kept quiet to save money. B. Deed was reluctant at first to take the case because he did not think much of Erin in the beginning. C. Why did no one question the reason that so many people in he area were dying from cancer? . Did the Doctors not find it odd that so many people were getting tumors and other types of cancer? E. Why did George spend so much of his time helping Erin with her kids? Resolutions 1. PEGE should have brought attention the problem with Chromium when it was known and fixed the problem. Enlightened Egoism- Take a long range perspective and allow for th e well-being of others, although always with their own interest in mind. Under this theory PEGE would have made the problem known when they discovered not because it was necessarily the right action to take but to avoid a large casuist against them later on. Costs The expense of taking the right precautions to ensure safe disposal Cleaning up the area that had been affected by the time they noticed it Money that may have to paid Possible lawsuits of the damage it had cause by the time the problem was realized if it was know from the beginning Would not have faced charges from the EPA for improperly managing waste. Could have avoided a class action lawsuit against the company from the people of Hinkler Impacts People of Hinkler would not have gotten sick and died from the chromium poisoning The area would not have been tainted with the chromium Erin Broomstick would not have had the chance to help these people 2. Do exactly as they did and try to cover up the effects of the chromium was having on the people in Hinkler. Ethical Egoism Defines right or acceptable behavior in terms of its consequences for the individual. Egoist believe they should make they decision that maximizes their own self-interest. The 333 million dollar settlement to the victims affected by the chromium Arbitration costs Legal costs Legalities Class action lawsuit against them from the people of Hinkler and the workers. EPA violations Many people lost their lives and got sick as a result Pain and suffering cause by the death, sickness and miscarriages. Area is contaminated 3. Do away with the use of chromium and find a safer chemical to use in its place. Utilitarian Theory Defines right or acceptable behavior as that which provides the greatest good to the greatest number of people. By getting a newer and safe chemical substitute PEGE would have been looking out for all the people in the area by making it safer to live and work there Costs Money to research a better chemical It may have been more expensive to use a different chemical The money to implement the new chemical Avoid lawsuits from all the people affected by chromium Provide a safer environment for the workers and the people in Hinkler People in the area would be able have a normal life free from disease A better future for the area Been seen as a environmentally responsible company Final Recommendation My final recommendation would be resolution 1, enlighten egoism. They should have way. If PEGE would have done this they could have saved many people a lot of despair, avoided a huge lawsuit, and kept a lot of people from getting deathly ill.

Change Implementation Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Change Implementation Plan - Essay Example Objectives- To study the proposal of the new shift being enforced by the management, To understand the concerns and interests of the stakeholders in implementing the new plan, Identify and negotiate potential constraints and concerns in implementation of the plan and To help build effective strategies for sustenance of the shift plan while communicating regularly to the management, of the negotiation process and results. Goals, concerns and interests Goals- each of the three parties representing staff who view the change positively, staff who view the change negatively and the manager who represents the management of the unit need to agree positively on the outcomes and usefulness of the new shift plan as teamwork is seen to increase quality of care provided by nurses resulting in improved patient satisfaction (Kalisch et al, 2007). Concerns- the report of the trial implementation reveal that the decision to implement the new shifts is completely the management’s decision with no staff involvement or contribution to the plan. Also, the trade union has not been consulted on the usefulness and implementation of the plan. There are two affinities within the staff, those who view the change positively and those who view the change negatively. ... There is a need to evaluate the negotiation process from the viewpoint of these representatives too. Choice of conflict management style (dominating, obliging, avoiding, compromising, and integrating) is also important as it varies from individual to individual (Mary, 2012). Interests- while the management may be committed to cost cutting and improving efficiency in implementing the new plan, a section of the employees and may be their representatives too may be concerned that the decision making did not involve all stakeholders of the unit. As Barrett (2012) has stressed on a values-driven corporate culture for organizations to be successful and this applies to the medical unit as values that the management holds for the unit need to be communicated to the employees while it attempts to increasingly adapt its interests and values in accordance to the interests of all the stakeholders of the unit. Potential constraints Posner (2012) notes that information flows in an organization whe n individual employees are empowered as the authority and power of individuals collectively can foster a better environment where facts, truth, insights, knowledge and possibilities evolve. This is the corporate culture that Barrett (2012) discusses while referring to vision-guided employee fulfillment. As the unit in the present situations seemly lacks a focus on building a quality environment taking into consideration the contribution of individual employees to the unit’s vision, there is a possibility that the implementation of the plan may affect the staff morale in turn affecting the performance in due course. Strategies for negotiation and rationale An integrating approach to conflict management by the

Fingerprint Identification: Three Latent Print Scenario's Assignment

Opinions about Different Homicide Scenarios - Assignment Example In such a case, it is possible that the perpetrator had planned their activities wisely. They may have used protection on their hands, for example, high quality gloves that do not allow for fingerprints to be left on the weapon. In typical cases, fingerprints are left on a weapon even when using surgical gloves that cling tightly to the hand. It is also possible that the murderer used another weapon to commit the offense and left with it. Another possibility is that the material used to make the weapon is one that does not retain prints. At times the prints may be too faint for proper identification. Fortunately, fingerprints can be collected from the surfaces in the scene of the crime. Glass, for example, retains prints that are highly detectable especially if the hands of the perpetrator were wet, bloody or greasy. On the hand, lean surfaces are more likely to retain fingerprints compared to dirty ones as the dirt may inhibit latent prints from being visible on the weapon. A case like this may mean that a different person committed the crime. It may also be that another person touched the weapon with bare hands after the murder, for example, an investigator hence interfering with the evidence. It may also be that the perpetrator used the weapon that had previously been touched by another person and used material that does not allow their prints to be left on the weapon. There may also be the possibility that a different person touched the weapon leaving their prints but the murder used a soiled hand on the weapon thus inhibiting the formation of their fingerprints. Such a situation is tricky and may mean different things. While it is possible for the suspect to be guilty, it is not always so. In some cases, the prints ay offer direct evidence that the suspect was responsible for the murder.  

Analyze, discuss, and interpet Machiavelli's Art of War Essay

Analyze, discuss, and interpet Machiavelli's Art of War - Essay Example In this case, through detailed discussion and analysis of the aspects of war, one can apply the theories, mores, virtues, and principles, to that of the nation’s affair and consequently to civilian life. Military and State Since the problem of an ideal society or state has already been exhaustively discussed by Aristotelian and Socratic philosophers; For Machiavelli, the problem that he would like to delve on is how to expand and maintain the power of the state, which must be ordered for the benefit of the greater good of the people. To answer this, Machiavelli always would look back at history i.e. Rome, Sparta, Greece, and discovered a very important pattern—that powerful empires emerge out of violent victories. And it is through this premise that he patterned his ideals of leadership as characterized by his ‘Prince.’ â€Å"For men change their rulers willingly, hoping to better themselves and this hope induces them to take up arms against him who rulesà ¢â‚¬  (Machiavelli, â€Å"The Prince†). Ergo, one of the many important points that could be derived from â€Å"The Art of War† is that military leadership is synonymous to civil leadership. Because war is innate and inevitable as man is in constant conflict with himself, political objectives would be the defining force and or limitation of it. War is fought because of political motives—which again reinforces another premise that Machiavelli made—that civil and military life is inseparable. That the way we function—the mores, principles, and standards that we apply in the military is also applicable or could also govern civil actions. For instance, the discipline of the soldiers could be instilled to workers; the essence of always being prepared for battle—stability under pressure, is a mindset that could be adopted in civilian affairs to be able to handle pressures of everyday life. Military as an Expression of Power Another important poin t that Machiavelli made is that military capabilities of a nation are the direct expression of power. The prince, to be an effective and powerful leader must also have an effective army. To prove his point, he again drew example from history â€Å"Rome remained free four hundred years while armed: Sparta eight hundred: Many other Cities have been dis-armed, and have been free less than forty years.† If a nation does not have an effective army, it must hire foreigners to fight its battle or for it to have someone defending its borders and citizens. But Machiavelli also warned that hiring foreigners for military could pose more dangers, as compared to maintaining your own, as these people could easily corrupt the citizens. When a nation has its own military, it â€Å"has not other fear except of its own Citizens† (Machiavelli, â€Å"Art of War†). Military Strategy and Tactics vis-a-vis Politics According to Sun Tzu, â€Å"the art of war is of vital importance to the state. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which

An Overview of Butadiene

An Overview of Butadiene 1,3 Butadiene 1,3-Butadiene with its molecular structure of [emailprotected]=CH2 have widely synonym as butadiene,,-butadiene, divinyl, buta-1,3-diene, vinylethylene, vinylethylene, bivinyl, erythrene, biethylene, and pyrrolylene refer to the same physical and chemical properties. It has same Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number which is 106-99-0, and its Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) number is EI9275000. As compared to the air, the conversation factor of to 1ppm butadiene is equal to 2.21 mg/m3 in the air. Further important identity and physicochemical properties of butadiene is described as per Table 1. Â   Generally, butadiene was produce during combustion resulting from combustion of organic matters whether it come from natural process or human activities. Among of natural process and human activities, the main contributor of butadiene presence in earth majorly come from human activity which cause high impact to surrounding life and environment. As part of human activities, 1,3 Butadiene being used primarily and commercially in the making of synthetic rubbers and polymers. 1,3 butadiene was produced by complex and specific process as co-product of ethylene during cracking at high temperature (produced C4) at the steam crackers units. The crude C4 that produced from steam cracker units or process then fed to the butadiene extraction units for separation process of butadiene, isobutenes and the other C4s (byproduct called as Raffinate 1) through extractive distillation. The most advanced Butadiene extraction technology is come from BASF NMP Process in which 1,3 Butadiene is extract as per Diagram 1 by utilized N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent. Characteristic 1,3-Butadiene is colourless gas at room temperature with gasoline or mild aromatic odor, highly flammable when exposed to heat and insoluble in water but soluble in ether, acetone, benzene and ethanol. It is very reactive: it may form acrolein and peroxides upon exposure to air, it can react with oxidizing materials, and it polymerizes readily, particularly if oxygen is present. Butadiene is stabilized with hydroquinone, catechol, t-butyl catechol or aliphatic mercaptans1,2. In addition from that, as per GHS-US classification, 1,3 Butadiene is classified and hazard label as per Table 2 and Diagram 2 below: CLASS Hazard Statement Description H220 Flammable Gas Category 1 Exteremly flammable gas H280 Refrigerated Liquefied Gas Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated H315 Skin Irritation Category 2 Causes skin irritation H319 Eye Irrititation Category 2A Causes serious eye irritation H340 Germ Cell Mutagen Category 1B May cause genetic defects H350 Carcinogen Category 1A May cause cancer Table 2: Classification of 1,3 Butadiene as per GHS-US Classficiation Diagram 2: Hazard label/pictogramns of 1,3 Butadiene as per GHS-US Classficiation Used 1,3 Butadiene is the main raw material to manufacture variety type of rubbers and plastics. It is being used as an intermediate ingredient; monomers in production of polymers, synthetic rubbers or elastomers, and other chemicals. As substitution for natural rubber, Butadiene being used widely in producing synthetic rubbers and polymer which offers numerous advantages in term of improvement in performance, safety and functionality, and lower costs. Over 75% of 1,3 Butadiende was used to produce Synthetic rubber. Synthetic rubber derived from 1,3 butadiene include Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), poly-butadiene rubber (PBR), nitrile rubber (NR) and poly-chloroprene(Neoprene). These synthetic rubbers then undergo several others specific process to produce product like: Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and poly-butadiene rubber (PBR) are used in the making of tyres and plastic where able to enhance and increase the resistance of vehicles tyre and plastic towards heat degradation, blowouts, wear and tear. Neoprene or poly-chloroprene is used extensively in manufacture of latex goods which is non-tire application such as gloves, foams, waders and wearsuits. Nitrile Rubber(NR) have variety of end product which mainly used to produce rubber hoses, gasket and seals for automobiles . Remaining 25% of 1,3 Butadiene was used to produce polymers. Polymerd derived from 1,3 include Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins, poly-butadiene polymers, nitrile barrier resins and thermoplastic resins. Among the others, ABS resin was widely used in large volume of thermoplastic resin, containing about 20%- 30% of 1,3 butadiene by weight to produce automobiles part and appliances in automotive industry . Apart from that, 1,3- Butadiene also is used in the production of adhesives for packaging, transporting, or holding food; in components of paper and paperboard that are in contact with dry food; and as a modifier in the production of semirigid and rigid vinyl chloride plastic food-contact articles. Human Exposure The general human exposure can be separated onto two: occupational exposure and non-occupational exposure and describe as per below: 1.3.1 Occupational exposure The highest exposure of butadiene is mainly occurs in occupational settings or workplace area and its surroundings. Potential areas include several industries like: petroleum refinery and operation plant (where the crude C4 cracking process take over and involves butadiene extraction, gasoline production and distribution), distillation and production of butadiene monomer plant, factory or manufacturer of various butadiene based product like synthetic rubber and polymers plant such as tires, gloves and variety injection moulding industries (IARC, 1999). Based from data collected from European Chemical Bereau during 1984 to 1987, the arithmetic means of butadiene concentration at petrochemical and petroleum refinery plant industries area in several location of European countries is ranged from 0.1 to 6.4 mg/m3 Other than that, by refer from survey conducted by occupational hygiene of United Kingdom shows that the mean concentration of butadiene generally below 11mg/m3 with most below 2.2 mg/m3 for butadient production areas while in polymer manufacturer area time-weighted averaged around (4.4 to 6.6mg/m3). Meanwhile at USA in 1985, the arithmetic mean concentration is ranged from 1 to 277 mg/m3 for monomer production plant and 0.04 to 32mg/m3 for polymer production plant. (IARC, 1999; European Chemicals Bureau, 2001). 1.3.2 Non-occupational exposure For non-occupational exposure area, it is obtained that the butadiene mean concentration in ambient air is much lower in ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3 measured than reported in occupational exposure area which measured in mg/m3. Elevation of concentration observed occurs at the vicinity of source like municipal structural fires area, smoking shed or cigarette smoke area, brush and wood fires Butadiene has been widely detected in ambient air but at much lower levels (ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3) than reported in some occupational settings (mg/m3). Elevated concentrations may occur in the vicinity of point sources, such as municipal structural fires, wood and brush fires; cigarette smoking; volatilization gasoline area as well as combustion through vehicle emissions (IARC, 2008). Based on data and study conducted during 1990 and 1994, involvement of 14 cities, rural or towns at Ontario, Canada shows that the results from 1611 samples of outdoor air collected for mean concentration of butadiene is ranged around 0.1ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3 with maximum of 1.7 ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3. (Health Canada, 2000). Dollard et al. (2007) measured butadiene concentrations at rural, urban background (UB), urban industry influenced (UI) and busy-roadtraffic (BR) locations in the United Kingdom from 1993 to 2004. Mean rural levels dropped from 0.39 to 0.02 ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3 between 1995 and 2004; mean UB levels decreased from 0.64 to 0.15 ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3 in 1993-2004; mean UI levels came down from 0.85 to 0.35 ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3 in 1995-2000; and mean BR levels went from 3.3 to 0.57 ÃŽÂ ¼g/m3 in the period 1997-2004. . Human effect Exposure of 1,3 Butadiene can effect human health and the severity can be separated into two, which is acute and chronic. For acute exposure, it can be further split into high doses and low doses. Acute low doses exposure will caused irritation to nose, eyes, lungs and throat. These frostbite injury also may lead to occur through exposure to skin. Acute high doses of exposures will lead to cause damage of central nervous system by showing symptoms to human body such vertigo, general tiredness, distorted blurred vision headache, nausea fainting and decrease pulse rate. Human epidemiological studies has been conducted to identify the Chronic effects to human that cause by exposure to 1,3-butadiene, the result shown the effect to human can cause cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, due to some limitation and cofounding factors in study of cancer to human due to exposure by 1,3-Butadiene such as simultaneous exposure to syrene and benzene, smoking; the exact causal factors unable to established well. Extensive lab experiment involving animal such as mice and rat has been performed and study to observe relationship of chronic exposure of 1,3-butadiene to cancer. The studies through mice and rat has shown the developmental problems and reproductive effected the animals. Through this study, 1,3-Butadiene has been classified as human carcinogen from EPA and rated as A2; suspected human carcinogen as per The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Further human effect exposed to 1,3-butadiene explain on Table 2. Carcinogenicity to human Based on epidemiological studies conducted shows that high tendancy or risk of leukemia or others cancer to attacked on the lymphohaematopoietic system when chronic exposure to 1,3-Butadiene. This involve three studies on employed workers at 1,3-Butadiene production facility of styrene-butadiene-rubber(SBR) plant where the major exposure is 1,3-butadiene monomer alone. The result of the studies shows the same relation or overlapping cohort population. It was observed in two studies at butadiene monomer facility, overall have slightly excess of mortality from leukaemia while in third study shows decrease in mortality of leukaemia. The increased mortality from leukaemia in one of the monomer industry cohorts was more pronounced among workers who had been exposed at high levels during the first years of production (Second World War). In this cohort, no increase in leukaemia was observed with duration of exposure or cumulative exposure. Based on the study on SBR workers by University of Alabama at Birmingham (USA) considered as very informative data where the study involves in examine the mortality rates of about 17,000 workers through eight facility in Canada and USA. A limiting factor in the evaluations was that the diagnosis and classification of lymphatic and haematopoietic malignancies are very complex and have undergone several changes over the course of time. Although overall mortality from leukemia was only slightly higher in the update of the most recent cohort, a larger increase of deaths from leukemia seen in workers in the most highly exposed from plants and one employee per hour paid, especially those who was hired in early years and has ten years or more jobs. Furthermore, a significant correlation between cumulative exposure of 1,3-butadiene and leukemia deaths observed in this study. A recent analysis shows that the exposure-response relationship for 1,3-butadiene and leukemia are free from exposure to styrene and dimethyldithiocarbamate. Studies with mice showed increased tumour formation in various organs in both sexes at 1,3-butadiene exposures to approximately 14 mg/m3 (females) and 44 mg/m3 (males). This was not observed in rats at exposures up to 2,200 mg/m3, likely due to the crucial role of oxidative metabolism: 1,3-butadiene requires metabolic activation to generate electrophilic epoxides in which important species differences exist (mice are more efficient in the production of epoxide metabolites of butadiene, while rats and humans are more efficient in the hydrolytic detoxification of these metabolites). Many tests on mutagenicity, genotoxicity and mechanism of action clearly indicate that 1,3-butadiene is a genotoxic compound in humans and in experimental animals, requiring metabolic activation to generate electrophilic and DNA-reactive epoxides (epoxybutene, epoxybutanediol and diepoxybutane), one or more of which are considered to be the ultimate carcinogens. Health Effect Description Symptoms Inhalation problem or respiratory irritation Inhalation of 1,3 butadiene gases or aerosols such as mists or fumes generated by the material during handling and normal works can be damaging the human health. Excessive exposures can cause severe irritation to upper respiratory system or central nervous system like nose and throat. 1, 3 butadiene can cause narcotic effects or anesthetic including dizziness and drowsiness, alertness, sleepiness, lack of coordination, vertigo, loss of reflexes and death. Ingestion Drink or food that contaminate with 1,3-Butadiene which the residues of 1,3-butadiene have been found in drink and food container. (McNeal and Breder 1987) Liquid butadiene can cause frostbite to the lips but this unlikely to happen because very low amount of butadiene used in food and drink containers. Eye Person or human can be exposed to the 1,3 Butadiene liquid and gases during manufacture or at occupational area Transient discomfort characterised by tearing or conjunctival redness, pain and blurred vision.exposed to liquid butadiene can cause frostbite if it contacts the eyes and rapidly evaporates. Skin Contact Not to have any skin irritation or harmful to human health in normal condition. It will affected if the person involve in injury or wound In touch with liquid butadiene may cause frostbite and rapidly evaporate. When entry into the blood-stream, through cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Chronic As per International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Butadiene is listed as human carcinogen which can directly cause cancer in human. Based on experiments, there is an evident that butadiene can cause genetic defect and may result in toxic effecs to the unborn baby. Cancer ex: leukemia, damaged of cardiovascular system, genetic defect Table 2: Health effect of 1,3 Butadiene to human health Reduce the risk of hazardous In order to reduce risk of hazardous of 1,3butadiene, many precaution and controls shall take in consideration. Separated into two; occupational and non-occupational exposure. 4.1 Occupational The higher human exposure to 1,3 Butadiene is come from occupational environment. Appropriate control can be taking in consideration to reduce the risk exposure by include appropriate engineering controls, hand protection, eye protection, skin and body protection, respiratory protection and environmental exposure control. 4.1.1 A Appropriate engineering controls Appropriate engineering controls : This product must be confined with vapor-tight equipment. With this confinement, vapors should not be released, and local exhaust should be satisfactory. An explosion-proof system is acceptable. Ensure that any venting of material is in compliance with international, federal/national, state/provincial, and local regulations. Hand protection : Wear protective gloves made of PVC. Eye protection : Wear safety glasses with side shields. Wear safety glasses with side shields or goggles when transfilling or breaking transfer connections. Provide readily accessible eye wash stations and safety showers. Skin and body protection : Wear work gloves and metatarsal shoes for cylinder handling. Protective equipment where needed. Select in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132, 1910.136, and 1910.138. Respiratory protection : When workplace conditions warrant respirator use, follow a respiratory protection program that meets OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134, ANSI Z88.2, or MSHA 30 CFR 72.710 (where applicable). Use an air-supplied or air-purifying cartridge if the action level is exceeded. Ensure that the respirator has the appropriate protection factor for the exposure level. If cartridge type respirators are used, the cartridge must be appropriate for the chemical exposure. For emergencies or instances with unknown exposure levels, use a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Environmental exposure controls : Refer to local regulations for restriction of emissions to the atmosphere. See section 13 for specific methods for waste gas treatment. Refer to local regulations for restriction of emissions to the atmosphere. Other information : Consider the use of flame resistant anti-static safety clothing. Wear safety shoes while handling containers. Keep suitable chemically resistant protective clothing readily available for emergency use. Wear leather safety gloves and safety shoes when handling cylinders. Non-occupational Wood burning Take precautions to minimize the amount of smoke released into the home during wood burning. Vehicle engines Make sure vehicle engines are turned off when in an enclosed space such as a garage. Vehicle traffic Minimize time spent near areas of heavy vehicle traffic and avoid living very close to busy roads. Tobacco smoke Families can reduce exposure to 1,3-butadiene by avoiding tobacco smoke, particularly indoors.

Nursing Career Essay -- Career Choice

I believe that nursing is both and art and a science consisting of psychosocial and biological sciences that work together to continually improve the health care field. I believe that with the knowledge and clinical experience from the TVCC ADN program I will be able to provide the best care possible to the people in the community. As a nurse it is important to carry the attributes of being caring, compassionate, understanding, non judgmental, realistic, open-minded, honest, ethical, and moral. I also feel that it is important to maintain sensitivity to all cultures when providing care. I believe that nursing care starts at the client’s birth and continues throughout their life span. I believe t continued care includes heath promotion, health maintenance, teaching and end of life care. I...

Domestic Violence Case Study

Field Study: House of Ruth Domestic violence is an issue affecting millions of families. As a result of the increasing incidents of abuse, the number help centers and outreach programs have amplified in urban areas. One of the most influential centers against domestic violence is the House of Ruth. Established in 1977 and located in an urban city area, the House of Ruth offers various services to women and children who are victims of familial violence.Their mission states, â€Å"The House Of Ruth Maryland leads the fight to end violence against women and their children by confronting the attitudes, behaviors and systems that perpetuate it, and by providing victims with the services necessary to rebuild their lives safely and free of fear. Our vision is that one day, every woman in Maryland will be safe in her own home. † (WEBSITE) House of Ruth provides various services to help families â€Å"rebuild their lives†, according to Executive Director Sandi Timmons. Through a iding the public in times of need, House of Ruth fulfills every level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.These needs are embodied by every individual. The first platform involves the physiological needs of a person. It includes physical necessities such as food, water, shelter, etc. House of Ruth provides two types of shelters. The first is an emergency shelter. This accommodation is described as, â€Å"temporary refuge for battered women and their children who are in immediate danger or at risk of homicide. † There are private bedrooms with bathrooms, a dining room, a kitchen, and a living room. Women and children receive the help they need to remove themselves from hostile situations. The length of stay is based on each women’s’ personal needs. The beginning of their stay is directed towards recovery and planning their goals,† says Timmons, â€Å"Women then move into the transitional phase where we partner with local businesses to access starting job s and secure housing. † Therefore, House of Ruth is addressing the physiological needs of the family as well as the second tier of the hierarchy: safety. Needs for safety are met by the family’s desire to protect its members from all types of danger. textbook) A critical resource provided is a 24 hour hotline that is available to all persons facing an emergency. This help line is confidential and connects victims with trained counselors. Along with their crisis intervention training, counselors are able to provide callers with legal referrals and plans for escaping abuse. Women seek to protect their children from being reared within an abusive environment which exemplifies the concept of safety needs. The medical needs of the women and children living in the shelter are also addressed.A health clinic is operated by the School of Nursing at John Hopkins University. House of Ruth also addresses the need for protection in the future, after the shelter. They operate the Mar jorie Cook Domestic Violence Legal Clinic with a staff of numerous attorneys and paralegals. With this service, a prolific amount of women are helped to obtain protective orders, peace orders, divorce decrees, custody of children, and child support (website) House of Ruth provides a safe haven for families and medical attention to those battered.The next stage addressed in pyramid of needs is that of social and belonging. When meaningful relationships have been made, members create a loving and accepting atmosphere (Textbook). Escaping any form abusive relationship is traumatizing and is not discriminatory. As Timmons explains, â€Å"There is no average client. Domestic violence breaks all socioeconomic boundaries. † Women living at House of Ruth are encouraged to develop relationships with other women within the shelter. Creating connections with others who have the same experiences is vital in gaining back the lost familial atmosphere.Dinners are served â€Å"family-styleà ¢â‚¬  to reinforce this concept. Large living rooms are also provided as a gathering place for women to simply enjoy time together; watching television and playing games build a key family strength. The staff of House of Ruth consists of licensed counselors and therapists. Free group therapy sessions provide support in escaping their once isolated lives. In order to capitalize on the counseling resource, women must recognize that they are not alone in their situation (House of Ruth, ). Leaders insist that women expound on their situation and exchange support.The root of their relationships comes from the mutual violence endured. By having relatable experiences, deeper connections are made possible. The unique transition programs offered by House of Ruth propel women into becoming self-sufficient. When asked about their transition program, Sandi Timmons stated, â€Å"By partnering with outside organizations, we are able to provide women with a stepping stone to rebuilding their liv es. Outsourcing helps us find starting jobs for women. † When women are given an opportunity to support themselves instead of their abusers, they are overcome with confidence.The belief of independence is instilled within women when they are able to provide for their families. Transitional housing offers apartments with supported rent to improve a families’ monetary condition. Women must stay a minimum of six months in the confidentially located rooms to ensure every victim’s safety. The stress of constantly struggling to pay for housing is relieved by this resource. Women and children would be frozen within the circular-traditional model of time if transitional services were not provided.Instead of barely meeting the financial demands of housing, women are assisted and able to provide for their family. Eventually, women are able to support themselves without outside assistance. It is evident in all aspects of life that when independence is gained, so is the conf idence in oneself. Self-esteem is built through the transition program; women are able to gain the respect that was lost in their abusive relationship. All of the services provided by House of Ruth help women in having a better chance of reaching the uppermost tier of the hierarchy: self-actualism.Though some critics argue that total self-actualization is impossible, women are given a better opportunity to attempt. Self-actualization is reaching an individual’s full potential and acquiring a sort of self-fulfillment. Psychologist Abraham Maslow describes it as, â€Å"†¦the desire to become more and more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming† (Cherry, ). Though total self-actualism may not be reached, House of Ruth propels women forward to become their own person. An overall happier life is entailed; victims can build their own attitudes.Women may develop personalities and characteristics that were not possible prior to living in the she lter. Creativity, spontaneity, and lack of prejudice are some traits that can be gained. House of Ruth is an extraordinary organization. Their resources provide endless opportunities for women to turn their lives around. Domestic violence takes away a families’ independence and the shelter offers an outlet to restore family strengths: commitment, spiritual well-being, affection, enjoyable time together, stress management, and positive communication (textbook). Those affected by familial abuse have an ccessible treatment facility and escape from aggressive situations. The services provided by House of Ruth are essential in decreasing the numbers of battered women who are left feeling helpless. The availability of each resource allows women to feel as if they always have a place to go. Works Cited (2010). House of Ruth Maryland. House of Ruth Inc. http://www. hruth. org/ Cheery, K. (2011). â€Å"What Is Self Actualization† http://psychology. about. com/od/theoriesofperso nality/a/hierarchyneeds_2. htm Moore, T. J. & Assay, S. (2008). Family Resource Management. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.

Free Essays on Color Blue

Since the beginning of the universe, mankind has experienced more or less the power of colors, their relation to nature, their attribute and significance. Not only do colors characterize a society; they more importantly are at the essence of every thing. Color is a perception (from our eyes) that result from the complex characteristic of the light. Color is a significant element of our society but appears a complex notion to define because it is complicated to distinguish an object from its color and vice versa. The reason for which must be our poor knowledge in color terminology. Indeed, most of the early civilizations could not discern the lexical differences between an object and the color it was representing (This lexical issue drove some historians to wonder if certain civilizations were blind to specific colors). At the arising of the third millennium, both the perception and the definition of color seem an arduous task. Yet blue, as one of the primary color, illustrates from its history and its art representation how one color could be both so complex and meaningful. Blue is the color of fear for the painter Jacques Monory, the color of the coat of The Virgin Maria, the Levi-Strauss jean, the satellite images of earth. It is also the favorite color of European population. Blue embodies divers connotation in history. The history of the color Blue is very absorbing due to both its late beginning and its difficulty to master though it was very present in the nature (sky, sea, some flowers and animals). Some early civilizations did not have a name for the color blue but for an association of colors, which was including the color blue, that emphasizes the modest place blue took during the first centuries in most of the civilizations. For instance, numbers of philologers wonders if the Greek and the Romans could see the color blue because they did not have a word for it, they did not qualify the sea or the sky a... Free Essays on Color Blue Free Essays on Color Blue Since the beginning of the universe, mankind has experienced more or less the power of colors, their relation to nature, their attribute and significance. Not only do colors characterize a society; they more importantly are at the essence of every thing. Color is a perception (from our eyes) that result from the complex characteristic of the light. Color is a significant element of our society but appears a complex notion to define because it is complicated to distinguish an object from its color and vice versa. The reason for which must be our poor knowledge in color terminology. Indeed, most of the early civilizations could not discern the lexical differences between an object and the color it was representing (This lexical issue drove some historians to wonder if certain civilizations were blind to specific colors). At the arising of the third millennium, both the perception and the definition of color seem an arduous task. Yet blue, as one of the primary color, illustrates from its history and its art representation how one color could be both so complex and meaningful. Blue is the color of fear for the painter Jacques Monory, the color of the coat of The Virgin Maria, the Levi-Strauss jean, the satellite images of earth. It is also the favorite color of European population. Blue embodies divers connotation in history. The history of the color Blue is very absorbing due to both its late beginning and its difficulty to master though it was very present in the nature (sky, sea, some flowers and animals). Some early civilizations did not have a name for the color blue but for an association of colors, which was including the color blue, that emphasizes the modest place blue took during the first centuries in most of the civilizations. For instance, numbers of philologers wonders if the Greek and the Romans could see the color blue because they did not have a word for it, they did not qualify the sea or the sky a...

Essay on Notes for Censorship of Books

Essay on Notes for Censorship of Books Essay on Notes for Censorship of Books Note card one Source Title: About banned & challenged books Author(s): ALA How to find: ala.org/bbooks/about Author's Words (quotes, statistics)... "Books usually are challenged with the best intentions- to protect others, frequently children, from difficult ideas and information..." "Often challenges are motivated by a desire to protect children from â€Å"inappropriate† sexual content or â€Å"offensive† language..." "In his book Free Speech for Me- But Not for Thee: How the American Left and Right Relentlessly Censor Each Other, Nat Hentoff writes that â€Å"the lust to suppress can come from any direction.† He quotes Phil Kerby, a former editor of the Los Angeles Times, as saying, â€Å"Censorship is the strongest drive in human nature; sex is a weak second.†..." My words: The difference between challenging a book and banning it is that a challenge is an attempt to remove or restrict materials, while banning a book is the removal of those materials. Most books are usually challenged with the thought of good intentions. The top three reasons for challenging a book are: 1.) The material was considered to be "sexually explicit" 2.) The material contained "offensive language" 3.) The material was "unsuited to any age group" Note card two: Source Title: About banned & challenged books Author(s): ALA How to find: ala.org/bbooks/about Author's Words... "If there is a bedrock principle underlying the First Amendment, it is that the government may not prohibit the expression of an idea simply because society finds the idea itself offensive or disagreeable..." "Restriction of free thought and free speech is the most dangerous of all subversions. It is the one un-American act that could most easily defeat us..." My words: Throughout the years, many more and different kinds of people and groups of all persuasions who have attempted-and continue to attempt-to challenge books that disagree with their own beliefs. Note card three: Source Title: First Amendment Site Author(s): Lehigh University How to find: lehigh.edu/~infirst/bookcensorship.html Author's Words... "Censorship is when a person or group successfully imposes their values upon others by stifling words, images or ideas and preventing them from reaching the public marketplace of ideas..." "Books are challenged or censored in cities and towns all over the country for a multitude of reasons..." My words: Book censorship has been noted as early as 399 B.C., when Socrates was sentenced to drink poison for corrupting his students. Challenges are not just and individual expressing a point of view or even complaining about the content of a book. Instead, challenges are an effort to remove that book from the school's curriculum of library. Note card four: Source Title: First Amendment Site Author(s): Lehigh University How to find: lehigh.edu/~infirst/bookcensorship.html Author's words... "Powerful institutions may support censorship the Catholic Church compiled lists of banned books since 1559, and only stopped the practice in 1966..." "Books involving sexual relations, especially homosexual relationships, are often targeted..." "A contemporary favorite was challenged in Arkansas because it depicted witchcraft..." My words: Most books involving sexual relations, especially homosexuality, are most often targeted. A 1995 federal court case involved with the Olathe, Kansas, school board voted to remove the book "Annie on My Mind," (Nancy Garden, July 1982) from school libraries because the book illustrates a lesbian relationship between two teenagers. Note Card five: Source Title: Frequently challenged books of the 21st century Author(s): ALA How to find: ala.org/bbooks/frequentlychallengedbooks/top10 Author's words... "Each year, the ALA's Office for Intellectual Freedom (OIF)

Individual essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Individual - Essay Example In this argument, I will use the example of Aboriginal children taken away from their â€Å"country† and how it impacted them as individuals and their culture. I will also argue that free will in choosing one’s cultural identity is under the influence of many factors. One’s cultural identity raises some interesting sets concerning the choice, for instance, how one defines his/her cultural identity and whether these definitions are imposed or chosen. Stuart hall discusses colonial experience and its traumatic nature by suggesting that expropriation of culture deforms and cripples that races that have been colonized are subjected to domination and will that is imposed through subjective conformation and compulsion to the norm (Hall 218). These people are projected unfairly as â€Å"others†, which means that cultural identity is a positioning rather than essence. Hundreds of children of Aboriginal were uprooted from their families in Australia and brought up away from their natural environment. They then became what were referred to as a stolen generation. One member of this generation who was adopted at 13 into a non-indigenous family and claims that he went through a crisis of identity. His identity was whom he was and where he was f rom, claiming that he and his Aboriginal wife were attempting to break a cycle of shattered families (Hall 220). He contended that they would make sure they stuck together and raise their children know their heritage. The other Aborigines were products of imposed interracial marriage whose children spent their lives attempting to fit since they were not white or black enough (Hall 222). This highlights the uniqueness of the situation that multi or bi-cultural live in. This situation does not make it any less valid than an identity that is fixed. Another example is the Australian cultural studies teacher and author Ien Ang who was born to a Chinese family in Indonesia and studied in Holland

Understanding Tort Law Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Understanding Tort Law - Term Paper Example The law defines litter as an item that defaces the environment such as bottles, papers, and other such things. From the given scenario Jamal, Julia, and Juniata are arrested and convicted for littering. Later the three individuals made an appeal basing their argument on the fact that their mistakes were unintentional. Although the offenses were not intentional, the three individuals have a tort to answer before the court. To succeed in the prosecution the judges will apply statutory and law aids in the statutory interpretation to determine the verdict. Statutory interpretation is the process through which judges and magistrate interpret laws and statues in the law before applying them in decision-making. For the court to fulfill its purpose, it needs to interpret or decide the different meaning of the different statues contained in the law. Although the parliament has the responsibility of making laws, the court has the duty of deciding and applying the laws accordingly. In the inter pretation process, UK courts apply some well-known conventions to avoid ambiguities. The court proceedings and operations have great significance on the importance of the different acts passed by the parliament. In the court, preceding the whole act will be read and from its title, the judges can determine the necessary objects. In the first case, Jamal dropped litter from a split shopping bag unintentionally. For the court to arrive at an appropriate decision, it needs to apply rules and other legal aids. The first important rule that the court is most likely to apply is the littering statute. Law against littering is a section of the environmental protection act of 1990 (Harlow, 2005). The law defines littering as an offense that attracts legal punishment. The section defines littering as discarding of litter in unauthorized public places with an exception of places allowed by the law. Jamal, junta, and Julia will be prosecuted under section 87 of the environmental Act if found gu ilty. To determine the verdict the court needs to interpret the act by first defining litter and littering.