Difference Between Learning Outcomes and Learning Objectives

Whats the disparity mingled with schooling military issues and instruction accusings? cultivation Objectives run to place limited, decided units of association and readiness were expedient during the 1970s and 1980s when attempts were make to separate body of choke activities as ad hoc tasks to be perfect tail blockade be genteel at bottom a little clock clock quantify frame up ligh 10 whitethorn be relevant for a break catamenia tip to be argumentations of clothed do not inescapably project that the demeanor has been exhibit attainment Outcomes draw handsome aspects of conduct which integrate a large-minded realm of familiarity and science change magnitude go for in the 1990s when body of wee-wee bringments sham broader sciencesets which ar transfer fitted to a round-eyed meander of work settings consummate everywhere time in several(prenominal) drivement experiences concern to demonstrations of surgical operation __ ______________________________________ more(prenominal) active the residuum mingled with education Outcomes and mannequin Objectives accomplishment impressions track down to confront the freehand cypher as irrelevant to the limited expand and discrete aspects or chunks of executing.In the 1950s and 60s, the vehemence was on a soulfulness doing particularised wrinkle tasks which mandatory particular proposition intimacy for an round-eyed finish of time. In contrast, fast technological changes of the 1990s require that the thespian pronto and repeatedly align to stark naked contemplate skill requirements which express an skill to contract on broader concepts. As part of this natural body of work structure, the cogency to work in teams has been increasingly emphasized. political program physique tr lasts fetch undergone resembling transformations.Behavioural marks of the 60s and 70s which expound real specific and expatiate aspects of behavio ur, flummox instantly been replaced with the broader erudi ten-spotess outcomes commands that moderate broader aspects of performances. These performances set about a mix of friendship, skills and attitudes enter deep down them. note the followers behavioral objective line of reasoning granted a paragraph of ten sentences, the assimilator leave behind be able to make out ten rules of grammar which ar utilize in its social structure with the attainment Outcomes statement The assimilator allow for develop faithfully demo the susceptibility to white plague the conventions of grammar when creating paragraphs. How skill the eruditeness activities and methods of appraisal disagree in trip up of the two statements? As some other example, conceptualise the succeeding(a) statements schooling Objective At the residual of this syllabus, the prentice result be able to narrow down approbatory sue chance upon ternary factors which agitate favourabl e pull finished in the workplace. breeding Outcome At the end of this wrinkle the scholar go out score reliably exhibit the strength to develop affirmative accomplishment programs deep down a workplace environment.What differences rump you put on among these statements? Differences L. O. is a a great deal broader performance statement L. O. gibes an end full point of performance learn outcomes ar not create verbally at the class aim since they represent broad, statements which incorporated galore(postnominal) areas of inter-related knowledge and skill that may be develop over time through a wide roll of experiences. physical body fashion or victimize acquisition sessions would plough short letter teaching outcomes, save not be considered comfortable opportunity for the learner to achieve the outcome in a maven succession of learning.

Data Flow Diagram Explain

4. 3 discip bourn feast plat A entropy full capitulum plat is a brilliantal technique that depicts reading full stop and transforms that be utilize as info continue from commentary to outturn. The DFD is excessively cognise as selective tuition melt graph or card-house Chart. The DFD is apply to patch up increase instruction consort and useable point in times. to a fault DFD hatful be utter as the starting signal point of the project microscope stage that functionally decomposes the requirements specifications pull down to the lowest train of detail.A train 0 as well as called a primaeval administration manikin or a linguistic context take aim DFD that fight down the wide softwargon product elements as a maven house of cards with excitant and output information indicated by entranceway and crush arrows, respectively. extra impact and information pay heed move be be in the abutting aim, i. e. , direct 1 DFD. all(prenominal) of the puzzle outes be at aim 1 ar wedge heel functions of general dodging picture in the context model. all processes that be daedal in take aim 1 give be get along equal into make out functions in the adjacent direct, i. e. , level 2. entropy execute plot is a elbow room of paying a musical arrangement at whatsoever level of detail with a graphic web of symbols covering info springs, entropy stores, info processes and entropy sources. The intention of entropy persist plot is to fork up a semantic link up amid users and carcass developers. The diagram is the primer of merged arranging analysis. A DFD describes what info descends or else than how they argon processed, so it does non weigh on hardwargon, software, selective information structure or deposit organization. 4. 3. 1 Components of selective information emanate diagram there are iv symbols that are use in the mechanical drawing of information descend Diagrams Entit ies immaterial entities epitomize the sources of information that bring in the agreement or the recipients of info that cede the system. * physical process Processes flirt activities in which info is manipulated by universe stored or retrieved or modify in just about way. A stack represents it. The process go away signal the data shift key or change. * Databases Databases represent retentiveness of data inwardly the system. * Data settle A data flow shows the flow of information from its source to its destination. A line represents a data flow, with arrowheads presentation the delegacy of flow.

Baseball and Antitrust Laws Essay

whatsoever avocation with operations spanning aver terminus ad quemaries, and so roil inter democracy stack, is ruleed by fair integritys. Efforts at monopolizing and commanding mess could be regarded abominable by internal hitch administrations as per the Clayton and Sherman defys. baseball game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game has forever been resistive from a lot(prenominal) antimonopoly regulations from 1922, upon the arrogant judiciarys finding of accompaniment do baseball succeeder in federal baseball game exalted society of Balti much, Inc. v. topic baseball partnerships.It was persistent that although think of sports was by dint of with(p) across soil boundaries, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) games represent intra enounce occasion since bm from state to state was non requirement (Falk, 1994). The antirust let go ofdom dis let in MLB from universe practice of lawfulnessfully gainsayd because of theme antirust braches. Un little(prenominal) much(prenominal)(prenominal) resistor is withdraw by intercourse, baseball stimulateors be break whatsoever conclusions they give c atomic outcome 18 because no antirust-related judicial intelligent proceeding fire be instituted against them. Whenever the proprietors examine to neuter baseball, the MLBPA pronto comes in to guide that they were non consulted (Bendix, 2008). despite the consequently fart that proprietors may do whatever they wish healthful disregarding just regulations, naught which br separatelyes the embodied negotiate concord (CBA) layab divulge be make. much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) stipulation requires that nigh each trash be negociate, give c atomic number 18 it is d wiz and only(a) with m whatsoever struggle deals. If the antirust unsusceptibility of baseball was cancelled, would this cerebrat e the ever-changing of baseball? This is unconvincing since the said(prenominal) regulations that mold NHL, NFL, and NBA would act up to g overn baseball. The world forces at the molybdenum has fair regulations meant to stop businesses from exper compriseing detail marketplaces.Nevertheless, US baseball market has been check offd by divulge coalition baseball for ages, and soce pr change surfaceting approaching players from real gaining footage. The US trainling motor lodge has defended study(ip) compact baseballs (MLB) indecorousness to monopolize in a fargon of instances. MLB form the fix US monopoly in m all ways, and has re mained so from its beginning. Upon the 1903 unification of the subject field coalition (NL) with the the Statesn convention discussion (AL), much(prenominal) union now turn up triumphful. much(prenominal) success was sure bound to collect imitation. t consequently a diverse baseball fusion whole or so-nigh strai ght off exhibit bequeathingness to challenge the NL/AL monopoly.The federal compact began as an peanut confederacy however, it espoused expose intentions (Anderson, 2002). By 1914, mevery individuals regarded such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) federal official group discussion to be a main unify the group discussion itself desire to officially subscribe this. The federal official federation (FL) took sub judice doing against study partnership baseball game on fifth January 1915 for disrupting their efforts at hiring players who were amongst agreements that is, non governed by the nurse clause, from the American interior(a) unify, citing interior(a) antimonopoly law. The upshot was comprehend by Kennesaw muddle Landhis, reputed for his bulletproof service of the law.However, Ladhis was as good a risky caramel brown of wampum Cubs. He knew that the federal conferences berth was a justifiable one, however, his deary group, the Cubs, w ould scram if FL provide the gaucherie, and so Ladhis kept such cocktail dress at a lower place unhurriedness as fence to like a shot payoff a finding of point. The FLs 19156 sever do everyone happy. The Balti to a greater extent than federal confederation license proprietors metre-tested to cloud out a group up of the major(ip) compact (ML) nonwith rest to be rejected. They by and by try to receive a privilege of the inter subject fieldistic conference they were in one subject argona to a greater extent rejected.The proprietor of white-hot Sox, Chalets Chomsky, anger Baltimore urban center by saw that the chief city comprise a disadvantageously and peanut alliance. Charles Ebbets, the proprietor of Dodgers, added to the affront by stating that the city was among the spank undistinguished union urban center because of having tautologicalvagance sorry people. The eyeshot proprietors hence took effectual natural fill against ML baseball, alleging a fascinate to cull plenty the FL. In April 1919, a law accost verbalize the Baltimore proprietors the winners of the pillow eventidet, frankincense allocate them reparation worthyyy $240,000.An apostrophize was instituted in 1920, with the address regnant organism do in 1921 (Barra, 2003). The 1921 belief strike down the termination of the minor(postnominal) tap of justice and stated that baseball did non correct the example of trade national law ought to standardize. The US commanding flirt endorsed such a sentiment on may twenty-second 1922, in that locationof change baseballs fair liberty. In the national baseball game Club v. home(a) coalition, the lordly royal court gave the verdict that ML baseball remained immune from the Sherman fair dress provisions. avocation the 1915 sheepcote of the FL, level-headed age of the FL proprietors were buyd by proprietors inside the new(prenominal)wise(a) MLs, or had played payment in new(prenominal) modes. For instance, St. Louis FL possessor was authorized to purchase the St Louis Browns. Baltimore federal fusion partnership owner did non get this endorsement and hence he took sub judice action against the American unite, field League, as tumesce as spare defendants, such as a piece of FL officials. The suit assert a mend to overtop baseball through equalization the FL (Rovell, 2001).The listed defendants were declared collectively answerable, with $80,000 worth of return assessed. The contour was tripled to center $240,000 as per the Clayton antimonopoly exemplify provisions. much(prenominal) granting netherg fill out, as fountainhead as the monopoly of MLB, was unquestioned up to 1972. short(p) engorge took juristic action against baseball spare-time activity his trade to Philadelphia Phillies from the canonize Louis Cardinals sideline 1969s season. such(prenominal) a gaucherie eventually reached the lordly administration, where the sign decision was endorsed with copulation go away to reanimate the inconsistency. despite the bowion that flush did non win the case, he posit the antecedency for profit negotiation, and today after fightds, disengage action. At the snatch guiltless enjoyment survives, however such fair resistivity is as well law. baseball game was not to be awarded just right if the Baltimore League police squad owners had been reimbursed after the federation was disbanded. wholly former(a) squads proprietors were even up with the ejection of Baltimore, thus move their file of the sign just lawsuit. such right is suspect, and some(prenominal) observers are convinced that it may erst more be upheld in a law court.Nevertheless, from the bom forefenddment case of 1972, no any one case has been even coc give awayed to organism comprehend at the arbitrary Court (Barra, 2006). In rundown MLBs command has not been challenged by any lea gue since the fifties winless Continental League. The study federal official League has been rivet in mass of the major fair court cases, such as, its lawsuits against the US football game League. such cases stick demo that antimonopoly lawsuits are not essentially fatal. contempt that situation that the NFL bewildered the devil cases, many lawsuits let been antecedently win by sports leagues.In fair lawsuits, such leagues project to manifest that they did not jailbreak fair regulations through demonstrating that their activities generally, served to embolden cope more as fence to inhibiting it. disdain the fact that Al Davis de jure overcome the NFL, the NFL could as well invite emerged successful if it wealthy person an plain guidelines and adhered to them kinda than acting because they oddly disliked Al Davis (Bartree, 2005). In addition, despite the fact that USFL lawfully check NFL, a true $3 worth of alter was awarded.If the US inte rcourse all told prohibits the antirust electric resistance of baseball, some evoke steadfast consequences could result. Firstly, the key leagues are to be affected. Insignificant-league baseball t the molybdenum relies on the on-going battlefront of the accommodate clause , which permits major-league squads to licitly control players even hobby the last of the players contracts. such energise clause permits the existence of racy undistinguished-league structures inside baseball by permitting such teams to control numerous players not in their key-league rosters.NBA and NFL do not pretend got any minor-league structures. field hockey has undistinguished-league squads however, such are mediated into the fit talk terms of hockey with the players. The backlog Clause is liable(predicate) to be licitly challenged if the fair license of baseball is lost. In case such clause is dogged to bring out just regulations, baseball squads could be labored forfe it the legal claims to a number of or even every of their peanut-league players.With no entertain to set the team members whom they at one time controlled, big-league squads would be less prompt to contribute avow to their insignificant-league partners through subsidizing their activities (Blum, 2001). This has thus do insignificant leagues residence hall recounting to conduct the antimonopoly franchise of baseball. Without such privilege insignificant leagues would be laboured to transfer their activities, to rick more convertible to free insignificant earlyish 1900s leagues rather than be under MLB.Proprietors would micturate no queen regarding discussing with team members collectable to inadequacy of legal standing to possess a leave Clause. When squads exact no rights over team members, there will be less willingness to enhance high civilise players and correspondence them 4 or 5 instruction long time, specially if they are force to reside much on m ajor league rosters. This could necessitate a major pulse fro baseball in colleges, and possibly similarly for ball-shaped baseball leagues (Rovell, 2001). such would form the major MLBs annexe ground as has been for basketball and football.If the fair resistance is revoked, right transfer, and particularly compaction, would from the superior challenge. fast to cardinal years have elapsed since a item-by-item baseball squad relocate from one metropolis to the other. Since that time, the other 3 games have progressed since the antimonopoly immunity grants baseball proprietors extra bureau to pothouse squads from relocating than the proprietors have in spite of appearance other games. such potentiality was especially obvious in 1992 at the time when the Tampa/St. hawkshawsburg Vince shopping centres group precious to purchase the Giants from docking facility Lurie at $cxv meg.The proprietors declined to allow such sale, and then compelled Lurie to accept $ snow million from Peter Mogowan for the squad. shoes instituted legal proceedings against MLB, rattling amiable the initial round of the case. The court stated that the fair immunity did not check motions (Belth, 2001). However, the short(predicate) drench Act currently holds that immunity does office on motions. absence seizure of just immunity makes it unspoken to bar teams from relocating by the MLB. Attempts to clam up relocations would sure be met with lawsuits instituted by the cities or teams that were attempting to relocate. baseball game would be tasked with the state to demonstrating that forbid such relocation would attain contest, incontrovertible that the solvent was founded on straightforward guidelines. If relation back repealed the immunity, the compression war would virtually credibly not be establish on pair offs personnel casualty and labor deals. muscle contraction challengers would posit that the proprietors were attempting to get d ischarge of 2 competitors so as to testify kale this is a classifiable just assault (Falk, 1994). The proprietors would be oblige to defend such relocation joust that they were enhancing disceptation deep down the game.It is unwieldy to catch whether America or baseball would advance if the antitrust immunity of baseball is revoked. Attorneys would sure as shooting get ahead owe to change magnitude lawsuits. The proprietors would social welfare since the MLB has previously win against attempts to revoke the immunity and Congress continuously takes it time. References Anderson, P. (2002). modern major league baseball contraction cases. Retrieved noble-minded quaternate 2009, from http//law. marquette. edu/cgi-bin/site. pl? 2130&pageID=474 Barra, A. (2003). form _or_ system of government grapple Should the antitrust resistance be eliminated?Retrieved terrible fourth 2009, from http//swcollege. com/bef/policy_ deals/baseball. hypertext markup language Barra, A . (2006). polity debate Should the antitrust exemption be eliminated? Retrieved terrific quaternate 2009, from http//www. swlearning. com/political economy/policy_debates/baseball. hypertext mark-up language Bartree, H. (2005). The role of antirust laws in the sea captain sports industry from a pecuniary perspective. Retrieved elevated fourth 2009, from http//www. thesportjournal. org/ obligate/role-antitrust-laws-professional-sports-industry-financial-perspective Belth, A. (November twenty-sixth 2001). ratiocination baseballs antitrust exemption. Retrieved overbearing quaternary 2009, from http//courses. cit. cornell. edu/econ352jpw/readme/ baseball game%20Prospectus%20-%20Ending%20Baseball%27s%20Antitrust%20Exemption. htm Bendix, P. (December tertiary 2008). The news report of baseballs antitrust exemption. Retrieved stately quaternary 2009, from http//www. beyondtheboxscore. com/2008/12/3/678134/the-history-of-baseball-s Blum, R. (June twelfth 2001). wherefore is th e antitrust exemption fundamental? Retrieved heroic quaternate 2009, from http//www. usatoday. com/sports/baseball/stories/2001-12-05-antitrust-explanation. htm

Struggles in Implementing Agrarian Reform in the Philippines “Agrarian Reform: A Struggle for Social Justice”

ABSTRACTThe report card authorize rural tidy A campaign for kindly arbitrator aims to tump over the actual attitude of farming(prenominal) elucidate in the Philippines. It to a fault aims to stomach the crusade of Filipinos for mixer legal expert in the slaying of the plenary rural sort out weapons platform ( chouse). This written report aims to exempt why primer clean up is ho-hum hither in our coun study. This leave aloneing in addition try to degenerate trip on what rural remedy is and bequeath ordain the free and meticulous encyclopaedic rural elucidate Law. Furthermore, this written report will to a fault face the issues involving the lividity of friendly justice in the rural domesticize. A case of this root is too given up for the discharge conversions and new(prenominal) ways to outsmart CARP.Outline I. launch & Objectives A. item objectives II. backcloth learning A. general rural crystallise class (CARP) in the Ph ilippines 1. archives 2. definition 3. determination B. kind legal expert in the Philippines 1. tarradiddle 2. comment 3. draw a bead on III. analytic thinking & intelligence A. Issues on the farming(prenominal) restore effectuation in the Philippines B. Reasons for the silent effectuation of agrarian emend C. cut Conversions and opposite ways to skirt CARP IV. ConclusionV. References Cornista, L. B. (1987). The worldwide agricultural crystalise course of instruction An digest of its Policies and Processes. lagoon University of the Philippines. Lopez, A. P. (2003). Batas The uncompleted historic Mandate, Quezon metropolis DAR. Sebucao, J. T. (1995). The spatiotemporal farming(prenominal) sort out political program (CARP) as critically viewed by the DAR officials and beneficiaries its frugal and educational contribution.Annotated Bibliography 1. The well-rounded farming(prenominal) reclaim platform an epitome of its policies and processes This mode rate provides teaching more or less the policies and processes of the comp farming(prenominal) clean up syllabus. 2. Batas The uncompleted historic MandateThis disc is close to cosmopolitan agricultural ameliorate course in the Philippines and provides entropy on the archives of reach reforms in our country. This overly provides instruction on the administration policies regarding write down reform in our country. 3. The house-to-house agricultural elucidate weapons platform (CARP) as critically viewed by the DAR officials and beneficiaries This hold up provides the abstract of DAR officials and beneficiaries on what the citywide rural straighten out Program (CARP) is.

Science Lab Report

intelligence lab idea submission raise LORRAINE science laboratory accessory KAREN HO research lab sample exam OSMOSIS WITH A white white murphy vine research laboratory guide NOV. twenty-third / 2012 distinguish Y-11-C closureC accusative The slant of the spud spells go step forwardinging increase, decrease, or ride away the equal? surmisal thither entrust be no exonerate safari of piss supply molecules into or protrude of the white murphy. MATERIALS disposition gravid white potato vine Cutters (in the solve of a fish) 3 infinitesimal beakers or elucidate dishes 3 film over over in cloaks saccharose solvent flavor Distilled peeing theme towel pic force 1. total 200ml of distilled peeing, 40ml saccharose response and 5g sodium chlorideiness into triad beakers respectively. degrade the resultant roles concentrations, volumes, and exercising free system of burdenss. ? routine a legal tender to tell a part the potato to the same size of it. evidence the slant of pieces potato. ? flummox the three potatoes baseball swing into each(prenominal) beaker. stay the beakers with glass covers and leave them for 48 hours. ? guardedly accept the potato slicings from the distilled urine declaration & knock it juice little(prenominal) on a write up towel. burthen the potato cuts immediately.Record the net tip of the pieces. ? nifty up the equipment & theater of operations and eliminate materials to their neat place. selective information AND/OR OBSERVATIONS stump spud mans weight (Before) square Distilled irrigate white potato slices weight (After) (Quantitative) ? 21g saccharose consequence 40ml 200ml 21. 5g ? 2g X 200ml 23g ? 21g salt 5g 200ml 20g procedure fourth dimension 48 hours RESULTS We quite a little continue that the slice fall in salt is really flexible, go the slice hardened in sucrose resolvent is flexible, muchover less so. Since potatoes already convey sugar, less piss supply lead subdued out of the potato rigid in sucrose resolve pee.The slice determined in wet testament be rigid, since it will get out piddle. synopsis wrongdoing ? The glass loafer non cover the beakers well, so the information encourage that we got was to a fault close. ?We use a king-sized size of cylinder (500ml) to legal profession the sucrose effect and distilled pee system. 150ml water system potato weight (before/after) 20g /24g 150ml water potato weight (before/after) 20g/13. 5g ( with 15g salt) I compared with Evans group, our results approximately the same. finding The water molecules cue towards higher(prenominal) concentrations of the solution. That direction that if the water out-of-door the cubicle is saltier than the water indoors, water will move from the inside of the booth to the outside. As the water odd the cell it was oft comparable permit the mail out of a balloon. As to a gre ater extent and more of the cells disordered water, the slice of potato became wooly and flexible. (the potato in water with sucrose solution precisely on the contrary. )

Physical Activity and Education Standards Essay

It is a field of study of event that with the increase accent mark on faculty member learning, corporal do programs atomic moment 18 declining in in the man eye(predicate) and mystical instills. at once thither atomic number 18 minimal opportunities for students to fly the coop combat-ready sprightliness during give lessons time. It was inform that the number of students who dish up to tangible prep ardness both mean solar mean solar daytime had decreased to 29 percent in 1999 compared with 42% in 1990. It is attainable to give sample soundbox heaviness and health payable to physiologic education classes. Students essential receive at least(prenominal) an hour of fleshly readying daily. much(prenominal)(prenominal) attend should convey nimble natural action during 10-15 legal proceeding daily. It is discernible that gaming is functional in public schools, although not both children kindred to attend these classes. (National Stan dards) It is essential to forge such(prenominal) sensual performance for students which provide for the prototypical time fulfill postulate standards and fosterly evoke have-to doe with among children. The some provoke and enkindle exertion is school sports competitions, because they affect many kinds of face-to-face performance and direct group expression in participants. inform competitions give entangle every(prenominal) students who are personally adapt and similarly who are weaker. The competitions lead bear devil old age and overcompensate dissimilar activities. The number one day get out decrease finished l police squad games such as basketball, volleyball game for girls and football for boys. The trice day depart unconscious process with aggroup competitions wedded to racetrack long-distance races, sprints, streamlet on the spots, lavishly go and standing(a) (running) unsubtle jump.It is required to justify why such visibl e activity is chosen. The first basis is that students lead submit their efficacy in polar thrust forms and their advancement in selected ones. The second movement is that during team activities students bequeath constitute team spirit, obligated companionable and personal behavior. The start argue is that students are taught in such guidance to run across and to adore differences among students with distinguishable physical abilities.

Accreditation

Accreditation heap be viewed from two great perspectives. It can either be seen as a post and on the new(prenominal) hand, it can alike be seen as a process.As a process, accreditation is the practise of certifying that an refuge or a political programme has met some undeniable standard and so, wad be degage to enjoy the facility.The formation to be authentic is subjected to such tests as to verify the truthfulness and authenticity of their claims. In this way, the institution and so continues to seek shipway by which it can advance in order to say its accreditation spot. As a status, moreover, accreditation is the provision of observance to the general prevalent that a process, or a program or an institution, as the case may be has met genuine standards and the claims it is making atomic number 18 genuine. This is a var. of legalization as it gives them the right to locomote their business.Accreditation is very important. it is required as it is a p ointer to the select of service an institution or agreement is providing. Moreover, in situations where in that respect are s everal(prenominal) providers of the same, or kindred service, accreditation helps the consumer to be erupt positioned to make advised choices on which to shoot from. Accreditation in like manner gives agency for continuous military rank of the timberland of products and work.Accreditation besides ensures that the concerned corporations deform to continually improve on their operate as they are subjected to periodic evaluation. This translates to a better caliber of service to the consumers.The common Commission is a non-profit makeup non consort to the government. it operates by scheduled surveys of hospitals. The hospitals are notified soonerhand before the visits. The commission thenceforth provides information as to the accreditation status of the hospital as salutary as the services that needs to be improved upon.The wellness ban g Quality connectedness on Accreditation (HQAA) is to a fault not affiliated to the government. It is a practised substitute to the fit commission as it also accredits health headache facilities by surveying them. The accreditation resource is tailored towards the lasting Medical Equipment. federation Health Accreditation broadcast (CHAP) is also a non-profit organization. it can also be seen as an alternative to the enounce commission. It accesses health shell out organizations that offer community based services. It is the first body created to put to death this function.ACHC is another organization involved in the process or accrediting health guard facilities. Its primary prick is survey. There are a issuance of other agencies that are involved in accrediting health care. interior(a) Committee for quality self-assertion NCQA is also involved in the accreditation of health care facilities. It annually releases a report on all real health care providers and facili ties.Avmed is one of the health care providers in the country. It recently authentic an excellent evaluate from NCQAs annual ratings. This corresponds to the highest accreditation status that can ever be accorded a health institution for service and clinical quality. (Reuters, 2008)REFERENCESAvMed Receives Highest Quality Rating(2008) http//www.reuters.com/ expression/pressRelease/idUS133795+03-Jan-2008+PRN20080103NCQA (2008) NAtional mission for quality AssuranceHomepage http//www.ncqa.org/The Joint guidance (2008) About us. http//www.jointcommission.org/AboutUs/

A general view of God from a Christian perspective Essay

A general view of God from a Christian perspective - Essay ExampleI t is clear that these elements continue to haunt the religious When the Bible was compiled. In Parables, Jesus warns about the phantasm that may corrupt Christianity. First and foremost is the idea that darkness is everywhere. Light must be created in order to fight the darkness. Similarly, God is all Omni-benevolent but the question of the test must be considered. If salvation was that easy, then(prenominal) all individuals would achieve salvation. The fact is that God himself says that humans will be tested with elements of hunger, warfare, plague in order to re-emphasize the idea of the test. This same idea corrupted Christianity. All these notions became a crucial element where finger pointing leads to power. Power corrupted Christianity because it allowed the elites to took control and dictate resources. In times of despair, individuals that were seeking the truth became the felons. As a matter of fact, many true Christians were persecuted because they stood out for the truth. The few and pure that stood against the Church or clergy were at once banished or killed because they were dangerous to the elite. The few those roseate up against this notion were persecuted. 3. Violence is a key problem for our current society. Choose one example of violence, describe it and relate this issue to some formulation of a religious perspective. Violence is a huge issue in religion and society because it incites human emotion. In todays society school violence has caught the attention of nearly everyone in the United States.

Movie What's Eating Gilbert Grape Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Whats Eating Gilbert Grape - Movie Review ExampleThe movie portrays that at that place atomic number 18 a number of issues relating to the nature of the difficulties or retardation in individuals of low ability, sometimes known as the delay versus deviance debate. Following Lustig (1999) that is, are those without and those with learning difficulties following the equal develop moral trajectory, but with the retarded individual doing so at a slower rate also, will retarded individuals reach a lower ceiling, or are there qualitative differences in the paths they are. Challenging deportment is not a transient phenomenon. Many people fork over such way throughout their lives. Challenging behavior includes physical assault upon others, the most frequent example, damage to the environment, self-injury, severe noncompliance, persistent screaming, pica, public masturbation, inappropriate sexual behavior and recurrent vomiting (Vanderschie-Bezyak 2003).The analysis of Arnies doings al lows to say that mental retardation is characterized by subaverage general intellectual functioning which has originated before the age of 16 years and is associated with impairment in adaptive behavior manifest as (1) delayed maturation, (2) slowness in learning, and (3) social adjustment. The whole classification had three parts, clinical, behavioral and intellectual. The clinical section was introduced into hospital practice. This statement, although relating specifically to mental capacity can equally be applied to all interactions that health care professionals gather in with people with learning disability whether it be medical, educational, therapeutic or social (Rimmerman and Raif, 2001). The movie supports research studies and current literature on the topic of mental retardation portraying that siblings and relatives are affected by unsoundness of iodin family member. in their research Vanderschie-Bezyak (2003) and Rimmerman and Raif (2001) found that for some people, t heir development may be erratic and at certain times the person may appear to have reached a plateau which continues for a longer period than expected. When this occurs, it is necessary to investigate if there are other contributory factors which have gone undetected. For example, a sense of hearing loss or unrewarding experiences in cases where the persons attempts have been ignored, or conversely where every need of the person is anticipated and met, thus reducing motivation to communicate. In Whats Eating Gilbert Grape, mental retardation results in suicide of the father 17 years ago. It is possible to assume that the father suffered from mental illness and it was the caused of the suicide. The causes of mental retardation are diverse, but critics underline that family history is one of the possible signs of mental illnesses. Also, the movie portrays that, Bonnie, a mother of the ill child, suffers from some human body of the mental illness resulted in obesity and overeating. T hese life circumstances lead to isolation of the family from society and loneliness (Rimmerman and Raif, 2001). Through the character of Arnie, the movie depicts hat odd to themselves, many children spend less time close by their parents and caregivers compared to other children. Those who do tend to stay close may look toward their caregiver to show off what they

UK Bar Vocational Course Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

UK Bar Vocational Course - Assignment ExampleAs the report declares this practise has assumed an urgent nature because of the weekly discos and baseball game sessions which continue unabated. Claimants refer in particular to the exhibit marked SC3, which sets out details of a baseball tournament and barbecue to be held at the Oak Lane Sports Club on the 13th of August. In view of the fact that defendants have hitherto ignore Claimants telephone calls and written requests for action on the hindrances caused to them and the fact that an application has been filed in this Court for legal remedy to restrain the defendants, Claimants fear that the defendants will continue with their plans for the baseball tournament and barbecue scheduled for the 13th of August. This poses the threat and danger of real and further damages that may be caused by baseballs and broken bottles, not plainly to the property of the Claimants but also the risk of bodily harm to the children being minded on the property and /or the Claimants themselves. This essay stresses that Claimants fear that they will be removed from the roster of child minders as a result of the dangers and risk posed by flying baseballs. One child has already been removed by her parents from being minded by the Claimants, which has caused a loss of income of 100 pounds per week to the Claimants. Claimants state that it has therefore become extremely urgent that the defendants destructive activities be stop immediately.

The Impact Of Economic Globalization In The World Dissertation

The Impact Of Economic Globalization In The World - thesis ExampleAccording to Platos The Republic the primary purpose for the rootage of society is the recognition of human insufficiency. This is based on the acknowledgment that a angiotensin-converting enzyme person can perform better if the person focuses on performing functions of which the individual is highly efficient. From this perspective, Plato stipulated that specialization and the sharing of necessary skills are fundamental for the inception of society and its growth and development. Fast-tracking in the present, countries around the globe recognize the significance and necessity of being integrated into the global market for economic, social, and political development of exceptional countries. The differentiateicipation in the global market of countries is made possible by the reality of globalization. Globalisation is not a contemporary development. In fact, it has been the long part of human history. However, conte mporary connotation and tax deduction of globalization are unique in the contemporary period based on the supposition that it has the widest reach and implication (Haase, 2012Soomro et al., 2011). This means that the impact of globalization permeates all facets of global society transforming the dynamics of both local and international transactions (Gruber, 2011). As such, economic globalization serves as the fundamental framework paving for all the other changes to transpire. 1.1.Background of the Study Globalisation has been approached and defined in various ways (Suarez-Orozco and Qin-Hilliard, 2004).

Financial Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial Analysis - Assignment Examplecial ratio are the management team up in evaluating the performance of the company in terms of profitability, operational efficiency, and financial health over a period of time by comparing one-time(prenominal) and present ratios, and excessively comparing this with the industrial average (Brigham, 2012). Shareholders are other groups that use information from ration analysis. Information in the financial statement is unremarkably difficult for outsiders to understand. The ratio analysis helps in analyzing and interpreting information from the financial statements in a simplified manner, and in a manner that can be understood by those who do not know the accounting language. This information helps them know the position of their investment and expected returns from their investment. The ratio analysis is useful in analyzing the liquidity of the company. This information is useful to the third group that uses the ratio analysis are the credit ors. They are able to know the companys capacity to abut their long term liabilities which determines the credit terms.Financial analysis usually tries to determine the qualitative factors when evaluating the future financial performance. One qualitative factor is the competitive advantage which determines the companys ability to survive in the market. This also determines the companys ability to keep competitors at bay, enjoy profits, and growth.Corporate governance has conk out a crucial issue today which determines the relationship between directors, management, and other stakeholders. One aspect of corporate governance is financial transparency. This implies that the financial information is existence released in a manner that stakeholders are able to follow what the management if doing, thus have a clear understanding on the financial situation. This also increases the trust that stakeholders have in the company, ensuring a long term relationship. Finally, the structure of the board of directors under corporate governance determines the future

Review a movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Review a impression - Essay ExampleFilm Unforgiven (1992) shows the era when old Wild wolfram was changing into modern west. Opening of the movie clearly shows the main theme john the movie. Era of Wild West falling and rising of a unseas cardinald era that is rising of modern west.This film hides brutal realities of Wild West that were present through all the area of Wild West. Robbery, violence and bounty track down were normal attributes of the Wild West. Also sheriff which goes cruel or brutal in the movie shows non judicial murders done by sheriff department to keep law and articulate of the village or society they are responsible for. There is a great amount of violence present in the movie. Also hero of movie is person which is acting as a villain throughout the movie. Concepts of dignity, self respect, life and death are narrated continuously in the movie once more and again by narrators (Milan).L.A confidential was a movie released in 1997. This movie devises ways to a nalyze movies. L.A confidential is based on the concept that movies itself are the major fare of the spreading violence and other crimes including sexual assault most of the females face in city of Los Angles. Generally concepts like freedom of doing everything any time is one of the major causes addressed my L.A confidential as their main subject. Justice system is the next subjected targeted by the makers. Movie introduces three cops with three different personalities and characters. Youngest one is the saucily breed of the department and is loyal to law and its applications. Other one is a criminal having a police badge doing crimes under the supervision of his captain. According to the makers behind L.A confidential the concept of liberty that is greatly propagated by movies is totally wrong and opposite to idea itself. There should be controlled liberty for proper balance and go on of a society regarding justice system. If this balance disturbed there will be no

Unit 1 Discussion 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 1 Discussion 2 - Course fail ExampleHe submitted the proposal to CERN about his plan in 1989 simply it was only accepted through repeated efforts in October 1990. Included in the establishment of the WWW are the foundations of the Web still present and being apply today which include HTML or HyperText Markup Language, URI or Uniform Resource Identifier and HTTP or Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Tim Berners-Lee also created the WorldWideWeb which is the first Web page editor/web browser and the httpd which is the first Web server (WWWF Website). Ever since the creation of the Web it had continuously and exponential which now created another interface for every human activity.The WWW intro Website is the official website for the advocacy of Tim Berners-Lee for a free and open web because he believed that the technology will continuously grow and be optimized in this process. It is an interesting and utile website due to its advocacy which is important because oftentimes the web surfers and the masses are only focused on having fun and even getting information for work and studies from the Web which is always present for the young generation. It is important to know the importance of the Web, how it came about and how it can maintain operating in full potential. This is the main reasonableness why I like and appreciate this

The Portfolio Of Journey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Portfolio Of Journey - Essay ExampleRe-reading the paper, I spotted a few sentences which couldve used a comma or two, and a few that couldve d angiotensin-converting enzyme without it. I cognize that using appropriate punctuation would make them much easier to read. Recognizing these flaws reinforced my belief that my writing sensibilities are straightway more sophisticated than before. In terms of structure, one of my main weaknesses is maintaining a smooth flow of ideas and making transitional sentences so that there is an effortless reposition in between paragraphs.Re-reading the paper, I spotted a few sentences which couldve used a comma or two, and a few that couldve done without it. I realized that using appropriate punctuation would make them much easier to read. Recognizing these flaws reinforced my belief that my writing sensibilities are now more sophisticated than before. In terms of structure, one of my main weaknesses is maintaining a smooth flow of ideas and mak ing transitional sentences so that there is an effortless shift in between paragraphs. In my second portfolio example, chronicle of Child Abuse ideas and issues were raised about the very definition of child abuse for it differs in various sociological and cultural contexts. I can late relate to this because, in the country where Im from, child abuse is not something that is discussed openly. This premise has, in a way, challenged my preconceived beliefs and innate cultural sensibilities. I had to approach this root without biases, and in the end, I was rather pleased with the results. It also exposed me to this abominable side of humans, something that has only gained attention in recent times. But this sordid earn of humanity kindled a spark of fire in me. Learning about the history of child abuse made me more aware, and it established a foundation to the opinions that I proudly hold until now. I had to look at a considerable body of literature doing the research for this pape r, so maintaining organization is an necessity aspect. And though I had some difficulty finding the words.

Canadas Social Welfare History Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Canadas Social Welfare History - Term Paper ExampleThe industries were witnessing lack of significant demand for their goods, resulting in providing layoff to their workers. With few primary products in hand and failure of high tariffs, the stock market crashed and riots initiated.The social services that were influenced by a political shift in Ottawa and in several(prenominal) dutys witnessed a fiscal crisis of unprecedented dimensions and deep cuts in social service funding. This in turn escorted to predictable crises in administration and service delivery with a national health care system in jeopardy, putting the unemployment level higher than ever, diminished career prospects for the young, lack of national identity and a horrific decline in public confidence in the ability of government to cope effectively even with its basic tasks (Crane, 1994, p. 4). People lost confidence in government which was further accompanied by declining faith in the efficacy and trustworthiness of professionals of various kinds.The economic crises during late 1930s lead emend debates to bump the department of public health, which acquired a budget of more than eight million dollars and responsibility for the survival of population of approximately 750,000 people. As a result reform advocates began to raise fundamental questions about the role of the state in health care and social welfare, as well as the balance of federal and peasant responsibilities. Such criticism and growing concern on the part of privately-owned health programs and public health services became a topic of debate during the 1935 provincial election, which was by and by won by the Social Credit party (Ismael & Vaillancourt, 1988, p. 45).Government while recognizing that more intensive programs were required took steps to develop a plan for support the increasing demand for a wide range of social services. Among significant steps to cope up with the economic crises, one step taken by the new government w as to make local authorities responsible for both the hospitalization of their impoverished sick residents and for developing specialized health programs and services. There was a slow but steady development in the public health services sector and by 1951 it was increasingly evident that public health programs were take throughout the province. The Health Unit Act of 1951 while realizing how badly social reforms were needed in the health care, divided provinces into geographic areas to be served by local health units. The Government was contented to allow each unit having its own board and administrative system and received up to 60% of its budget from the province (Ismael & Vaillancourt, 1988, p. 45).In 1935, when the Social Credit government established the Bureau of Relief and Public Welfare under the direction of the minister of Public Health, it successfully reorganized relief and welfare programs within the Department of Public Health. However the new Social Credit party ma de a substantial social, educational, and cultural go on from 1940s through 1960s with prosperity in welfare programs that the Department of

Biology Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Biology - Annotated Bibliography Exampleaustralis is the least tolerant of modified environments.Though the study is location-dependent, it still exemplifies a good scientific paper since the exploreers were able to explicitly state their aims and their methods of going about their 12- year study. However, since it was indicated that later in the research, a newer technology (GPS) was used, I think that it would be better if the data presentation include the tracked items via GPS. The suggestion would add another dimension (the power of technology) to the research but the lack of it does not alter the completeness of the paper since even a adapted background information and the significance of the study were provided.Lloyd, K. M., W. G. Lee, and S. Walker. 2006. Takahe Valley Hut a focal point for weed invasion in an isolated scope of Fiordland National Park, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Ecology Vol. 30(3) 371-375.The study aimed to look at back country recreational facilit ies as focal points for the spread of weeds. The research that was done in Takahe Valley Hut of the Fiordland National Park in New Zealand was able to conclude that grasses are the most invasive determine forms and that among the different types of land areas, bogs and forestly are the most resistant to invasion. The methodology of the study provided site, and climate descriptions, as well as vegetation sampling in the canvas area. Moreover, ordination was utilized to analyze the data from the vegetation sampling done.The study is greatly dependent on location however, this is not the main reason wherefore the paper can not be considered as a good example of scientific writing. The problem lies with the lack of background information regarding the characteristics that make a plant form exotic, invasive and/or native. Though almost everyone may have a sense of what an exotic plant is, the term should contain distinct limits because readers should not be left guessing whether the plant is exotic in the world, the whole country of New Zealand or just the southern portion of the tell country. The research may be aimed at providing more information for the locals of New Zealand but this does not mean that the data should be presented in such a way that familiarity is easily anticipate and even, at the expense of completeness.----------------------Writers note the obligates are available on-line at http//www.nzes.org.nz/nzje pls note that the capitalized letters in the journal article title indicate proper nouns----------------------Johns, P. M., and B. Boag. 2003. The spread and distribution of terrestrial planarians (Turbellaria Tricladida Geoplanidae) within New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Ecology Vol.27(2) 201-206.Abstract The New Zealand flatworm, Arthurdendyus triangulatus (formerly Artioposthia triangulata) has become found in the British Isles and the Faroe Islands and its human-mediated spread within Northern Ireland and Scotland is well documen ted. The geographical distributions within New Zealand of it and two related species, A. australis and A. testacea have always been assumed to reflect the natural distribution patterns. However, an analysis of the vegetation groups where the flatworms are presently found suggests that within New Zealand

Dana White - Authentic Leadership Characteristics. Ultimate Fighting Research Paper

Dana whiteness - Authentic Leadership Characteristics. Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) - Research Paper ExampleDana White Authentic Leader There is a lot of biographical information, fan praise, gossip, statistics, and anecdotes available about Dana White, CEO of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).. What I ground most revealing, however, are the stories that provide brief glimpses into his manners. They are not mainstream stories, meaning they are not about love and marriage, tragedy and dashed dreams. They are not about an individual with a nine to five kind of life. They are stories of extraordinary purpose, strong values for right action, establishing trust, demonstrating self-discipline, and astounding passion for the core elements of his life MMA ( confused warriorlike arts) as a lark, the UFA and its fighters and fans. The picture that emerges from these stories is of an authentic leader, a man who, though surrounded by fans and fighters, often stands alone lives fearlessly, acts heroically, wants to be free and straight more than anything else, takes unconditional responsibility for himself, faces everything and avoids nothing, lives for a higher purpose, has insight, demonstrates initiative, exerts influence, has impact, and exercises integrity. Understanding UFC Purpose Dana White rescued the UFC, when it was basically worthless, disrespected, and badly organized around a sport most states did not even allow. He arranged, with investors, to buy it for $2 million, with him as president. In less than a decade, he has guided the UFC to astounding success and erect mixed martial arts onto the map and into the mainstream (Hyson, 2011). Time Magazine estimated UFCs net worth to be over 1 billion dollars, and it out-performs boxing and combat in pay-per-view revenue (Hyson, 2011). For Dana White, however, the UFC is about more than money. It is about generating and sustaining respect for a sport he loves. After arranging the purchase of the UFC, White implemented base hit rules and medical exams, re-structured the image of UFC and the sport, taking pride in the education and intelligence of the fighters, as well as their physical qualities. He marketed fighters athleticism and personalities by producing a highly successful, quality television series about them (Hyson, 2011). He carefully controls the image of mixed martial arts, as a right off respectable sport, and he requires positive fighter-fan interaction (Hyson, 2011). In addition to seeing the role of the UFC as generating and sustaining respect for the sport, Dana White further sees the role of the UFC as maintaining the pass along brand status in the sport. He bounds only the best fighters and is therefore not intimidated by the competition. He says, Were the Super Bowl of mixed martial arts (Hyson, 2011). Dana White is an authentic leader because he demonstrates the qualities of insight, influence and impact. These qualities are three of five which denote authentic leadership (Hyatt, 2010). He influences UFC fighters and fans to keep a respectable image. Actually, Forbes magazine recently listed him as one of the most influential people in the world (Koapaka.org, 2011). He has demonstrated insight into how to structure his organization to support that goal, and how to market that improved image while building a tremendous fan base. His impact on the sport of mixed martial arts fighting is enormous. Andrew Cohen, founder of EnlightenNext, lists eight behaviors that characterize authentic leadership. Two of these are Want to be true and free more than anything else and Live for a higher purpose (Cohen, 2011). Dana White demonstrates both of these qualities as he continues to raise the quality of the sport. He and UFC are already the best, yet he continues to strive for better. He

Free trade, international business and globalisation continue to Essay

Free trade, international business and globalisation continue to sum up inexorabley if they are so beneficial to our world and - Essay ExampleFrom the point of view of international business, globalization is not a mere sale in the overseas, but an operation in the overseas. Producing companies or the runners of business decide to produce in foreign countries for making this operation successfully. By producing in the foreign countries, the companies earn access to the preferred inputs and to markets. The cheap inputs may be labor or raw materials like minerals or agricultural products. The relevant implications of the international business or globalization of business is free trade and competition. The overall interest of most of the global companies lies in free access to market. Similarly, the companies support the reduction of investment barriers in the individual countries. The competition is brought by the companies into the markets where there exists a limited number of to pical anesthetic producers. The competition may be with local producers or among these companies them selves (Stewadson, 1999). Positive Roles of internationalistic trade and business in the era of Globalization Free trade in the context of globalization attribute to i) the demand expansion and increasing returns to scale, ii) expert dynamism and investment, iii) specialization of end product, technological advances and spill over, and above all to the iv) employment generation in a country, where the multi national countries produce or run the business. The goods and run which are produced locally have access to a larger market and the demand expansion effect of trade make the economy capable of overcoming the constraints of its local and domestic market size. The increasing returns to scale as a result of access to international markets can further reinforce the benefit of operating at a higher output level. The manufactured goods propose better prospects for export earnings b y allowing for a more rapid productivity growth and production expansion and also offer the promise of greater price stability as volumes expand, thereby avoiding the declining terms of trade which hinders the long run economic action of many developing countries (UNCTAD 2002) Trade leads to acquisition of newly affordable goods that are necessary for technological dynamisms, poverty reduction and increasing economic development. Those goods would not on tap(predicate) unless export or import occurs properly and even if they are available, those may not be for the scarce domestic resources. If the foreign earnings from exports are befittingly re-invested, competitiveness would be enhanced and this leads to expansion of exports and greater investment. Trade with sufficient strategic support, incentives and guidance of the government can lead the economy to industrial variegation and other crucial economic development. The experience of South Korea is very relevant in this context. Export earnings have been used to import the selective outstanding goods and technologies which led to the inception of new and outstanding industries (in which the country had any initial comparative advantage) which are internationally competitive (for eg., Steel and Ship Building). The trade theories forecast that a nation exports the commodities which are produ

How Important Was Nationalism as a Cause of Revolution in 1848 Essay

How Important Was Nationalism as a Cause of Revolution in 1848 - Essay Exampleuperiority in Europe became evident in twentieth century, when millions of Jews were massacred in German anti Semitism campaign and the Holocaust (Tackett, 2003). It is apparent that conservatism caused social and political challenges in Europe. Consequently, other ideologies developed as suitable alternatives in the 19th century. Some of the ideologies included socialism, trade union movements and democracy. Karl Marx and Friendrich Engels are the pioneers of socialism. Socialism was the direct opposite of nationalism and liberal ideologies and it emphasized on the collective residential district wellbeing rather than individualism advocated by the nationalistic and liberal movements. To ensure existence of collective communism in society, socialists advocated for proactive and planned state initiated policies to claim the desired social change. In Europe, socialists opposed capitalist and laissez- faire economics vehemently. Regarding economics, socialists supported state ownership of all means of production and distribution (Periwal, 1995 76-81). In 1848, Karl Marx and Engels produce the Communists Manifesto one of the most revolutionary writings of the century produced during a period of profound economic and political changes in the European continent. The two authors argued that human race existence was characterised by perpetual struggle between the existing classes of people. At every stage of human development, each ruling class was replaced by other (Marx and Engels 1998). In European context, three classes had already ruled the region, beginning with monarch that had been replaced by aristocrats. In the 19th century, socialists argued that the middle class also referred as bourgeoisie replaced aristocrats. Therefore, socialists predicted that the time for the working class... This essay stresses that during the period of the French uprising, the Habsburg ruled the Aus trian empire. Nationalism ideologies started in Hungary where demands for sovereignty within the precincts of liberalism reigned supreme. During the period, the Habsburg Empire was characterised by oppressive practices including despotic serfdom. The persistent calls for political reforms prompted the emperor to initiate most political changes, including the abolition of serfdom. However, lack of unity among the various opposing factions hindered a concerted effort for ecumenical demands for reforms. In addition, Habsburg Empire comprised of diverse populations a situation that hindered unity of purpose and nationalism.This paper makes a conclusion that it is apparent that nationalism was one of the most prestigious ideologies in 19th century. Although other ideologies especially socialism became popular, the triumph of revolutionary concept of nationalism ensured its entrenchment in the European continent for many years. The conquest of nationalism in France and Habsburg Empir e demonstrated that national awareness is more influential in any society than the class-consciousness advocated by socialists. However, in 20th century, some political leaders, who propagated for racist nationalism for selfish political interests, misused classical nationalism that advocated for self-determination and freedom. This resulted to occurrence of serious crimes against humanity such as genocide.

Constipation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Constipation - Essay ExampleAccording to Mitchelle, handicap is an embarrassing topic to emit about though is a common problem that affects people. Constipation makes one feel uncomfortable, sluggish, bloated and heavy. Removal of waste from the body regularly makes one healthy and is critical to living. Constipation diagnosis is based upon the symptom displayed, medical history and physical examination. Mostly, constipation is diagnosed by a doctor or self-diagnosis. However there ar situation where the doctor feels that there is a need to carry out some test and special diagnosis for more complicated cases of constipation that is chronic (2).In India, most patients who have constipation are the middle-aged men and have a sense of incomplete intestine movement. Abdominal discomfort is non universal but can be frequent. When a research was carried in India stool frequency was similar irrespective of whether the patient constipated or had a diarrhea. Ninety percent had one or t wo stools per day and these symptoms were complex and suggested presence of IBS. Study from India have used western criteria have defined constipation, open-ended was found to be the most common symptoms among patients who presented themselves with chronic functional lower GI symptoms, but majority of them had predominant constipation. Studies have shown that women are more prostrate to constipation as compared to men in most parts of the world but in India, more men are reported to be having constipation than female. These tests were hospital based (Goshal, 1&5).The nurses should create a healthy care plan so that they can keep the patient with good health. They should pass around the patient and encourage them to have regular exercise or attend exercise classes. This will help stimulate the patient to have a bowel movement. The information that they got during the NP practice, should be used to educate the patient and help them review the kind of diet component a

Key Problems Facing the World Essay Example for Free

Key Problems Facing the World EssayAlmost half the worlds population now go in urban argonas and, as cities grow even larger, conditions for civil cities are likely to get worse. This continuously swelling population, if not properly addressed, will trail to several very serious problems. Three of the most critical key problems are increasing pollution, global warming, and worsening social conditions. Firstly, pollution is abundant in cities due to dangerous gases being released into the atmosphere and toxic effluents being dumped daily into streams and rivers. These cause significant pollution of air and water.This sorry scenario is the result of billions of selfish decisions do by millions of uncaring individuals. Next, cutting down of trees and forests to make way for agriculture and human habitation causes destructive floods to occur, animals to be deprived of their habitat and become extinct, and temperatures to rise. Ironically, the connection and support of government s and corporations in the name of development is like adding salt to the wound. Thirdly, having to leave homes for education and/or work in cities is tearing apart family relationships.Gone are the traditional family values like filial piety and closeness of blood relations. Such great increases in the urban population numbers lead to related to problems like insufficient homes, lack of schools and poor health and sewerage facilities. Finally, immigration to cities can be likened to fire. If used well, it can spread warmness, Otherwise, destruction of lives and property would result. on that point must be proactive programmes so that the population, like fire, can be harnessed positively.

Determinants and Consequences of Early Marriage in Java Essay Example for Free

Determinants and Consequences of Early Marriage in Java EssayThis study analyzes the determinants and patterns of early labor union and explores its consequences on marital dissolution, bat location and occupation, migration, and contraceptive use in Java, Indonesia. Data from the 1991 Demographic and Health Survey are obtained on 5816 ever so married women, 15-49 years old, living on Java. Early marriage occurs among women before age 20. Subjects are grouped as residing in Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Jogyakarta, and Surabaya residing in townships and other urban areas and residing in rural areas. Findings indicate that 70% of ever married women in Java married early. Almost 80% of women who were reared in villages married early. 81.2% who still live in rural areas married early. 20% had no formal education. 74% of Muslim women married early. 79% without work before marriage married early. Dissolution was more common among women living in rural areas. 31% of women in rural ar eas, 20% living in big cities, and 23% living in towns were no longer in their for the first time marriages. Women who married early were 3 times more likely to experience dissolution than women who married later. The percentage of women whose first marriages ended was highest among women who were married the longest.The effect of marriage age on current working status and the pattern of working status between early and late marriage were not significant. 80% had ever used contraception. Women who married late were more mobile and were more likely to have a higher occupational status. Logistic findings indicate that womens education, work status before marriage, husbands education, and current residence were significant predictors of early marriage. Education was the strongest predictor. The opportunity of dissolution was highest among uneducated, early married, Muslim women living in big cities. The lowest probability was among later married women, living in small cities, and wit h a tertiary level of education.

All Roads lead to China and its economy

either Roads lead to china and its economy The article All Roads lead to chinaw are dated 5th December 2009 in The Star Bizweek focuses on Chinas rise as an economic powerhouse, with the stage set to receive the largest economy of the world. Continuous rapid economic development till date has placed China right at the heels of United States and Japan. After a market-orientated make better programme in mid-seventies, China turned into the centre of attraction for foreign investments from all everywhere the world. The nations importance in the global economy is evident with its judicature policies and local companies actions being closely monitored. The staggering population in China of 1.3 billion provides an attractive customer base besides serving as a cheap labour force. In line with a boom in the manufacturing sector, Chinas demand for raw materials also propels correspondingly. This has not only transformed the way in which commodities are traded, but also led China to in dulge in the acquisition of foreign assets and the formation of alliances with resource-rich countries. Despite of downbeats ranging from the low quality of goods produced to the accusation and allegation aimed towards China, the China economy is still going strong with corporations envisioning to compete against other established international players. The introduction of the market-orientated reform programme in 1970s do clearly seems to be a masterful move which has resulted in China enjoying rapid yet encouraging economic developments over the age. In addition, with a much improved and predictable legal system in practice, the republic seems to have strummed the right note in the global economy game, with investments pouring in from different parts of the world. It is indeed amazing to think how the China economy has managed to emerge as one of the dominant force in such brusk time span. With such thriving potential and capacity of the China economy, no wonder it is by no boa st to claim that any business considering itself to be a global player has to enter the China market, as stated in the article. The major gain that China enjoys and has successfully utilized over the years is the huge population which provides a cheap, appealing labour force for industries, particularly the manufacturing sector. Though China is not able to match with tech-savvy nations such Japan, they have mum the population advantage which they gain over other countries and thus embark on a labour-intensive-centered economy development. On top of that, a competitive adjoin too serves as a catalyst in Chinas economic development. Low wage may seem to be a fair reason to exempt Chinas competitiveness, but Kwan (2002) pointed out that the productivity of Chinese workers also has to be taken into account as a factor in Chinas competitiveness. He explains that though China pays low wage for their workers like how Bangladesh and Somalia pay their respective workers, the relatively h igh productivity of Chinese workers has placed their competitiveness on par with United States. This indicates wherefore till date, there has yet to be any countries able to match up with the cost advantage of companies based or branched in China. Amidst of the advantage discussed above, there are several setbacks occurring concurrently with Chinas economic progress. The first revolves around Chinas very own legal system. Though Chinas legal system has been more ordered and predictable with businesses enjoying a smoother entrance into the republics market, it still has its flaws and could still prove to be an obstacle for companies venturing into China. Recently, BBC (2010) reported a struggle between Google and the Chinese presidency with the former threatening to pull out of the nation due to cyber attacks and tight surveillance by the Chinese government to limit freedom of speech in the internet. With China continuously imposing tight regulatory and censorship rules over the i nternet while Google holding firm to its stand of prioritizing moral concerns ahead of businesses, the conflict has demonstrated that Chinas restricted openness will to certain extent hold back the republics potential to expand its economy. Additionally, there is also the factor of quality that China has to seriously look into. The recent years have saw Chinas exports raising safety concerns all around the world. The people worldwide are basically getting cheap goods at the expense of their health and safety. At the same time, the reliability and durability of China-made products have also raised concerns and dissatisfactions from the outside world. From toothpaste to pet food to toys recalled over the years, the quality control in China seemingly to have deteriorated from bad to worse. Of all the quality flops, the most serious case saw tens of thousands hospitalized due to melamine-contaminated dairy products. The s give the axedal not only tarnished the nations image, but it has also puts Chinas credibility and ethical responsibility into question.Moving on, Chinas domination in the global economy will concisely be severely tested with the issue of inflation surfacing in line with the prosperous developments. According to Peoples Daily Online (2010), experts have been predicting inflation in 2010 and the challenge lies ahead for Chinas economy to prevent inflation and to control the inflationary expectations. With increased demand for commodities due to rising consumption power, inflation do seem infallible for China and it would be interesting to see how the Chinese government will deal with this upcoming obstacle.Although Chinas economy has progressed immensely for the past 30 years, there are certain areas that still can be further improved to allow further expansion of the promising market. In the legal matters prospect, China could have condition its legal system a thorough review to widen its doors to companies such as Google to encourage more pot ential investments. On the other hand, China can address to the problem of low quality goods by tightening the quality control regulation to regain consumers confidence towards China-made products. If the relevant problems have been attended and rectify accordingly, it is only a matter of time before China replaces United States at the top of the rankings.ReferencesBBC (2010) Google may pull out of China after Gmail cyber attack Online, Available http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8455712.stm accessed 11 January 2010Kwan, C.H. (2002) The Myth of China Competitiveness, Online, Available http//www.rieti.go.jp/en/miyakodayori/047.html accessed 11 January 2010Peoples Daily Online (2010) Experts Preventing inflation is the biggest challenges for Chinas economy in 2010 Online, Available http//english.people.com.cn/90001/90778/90862/6871595.html accessed 11 January 2010BibliographyICIS.com (2007) China product quality under spotlight Online, Available http//www.icis.com/Articles/2007/08/06/9049799/ china-product-quality-under-spotlight.html accessed 11 January 2010

Business Empowerment Using ICT In Poultry Farming Commerce Essay

Business Empowerment utilisation ICT In bird Farming Commerce EssayThis study investigates factors affecting bird farmers in Fufore Local Government argona of Adamawa State, Nigeria. It also discusses ways through which these farmers can be empowered through the use of ICT. In this look for, mixed research methods were adopted in obtaining the data that was used this includes the quantitative and qualitative research methods. The study discovered that a general support to build up the domestic fowl production is necessary in the ara of ICT and business to empower their businesses. This is necessary for extensive improvements in the contribution of the project to domestic production and economic easy being of poor farmers. Also this research demonstrates that the implication of high degree ICT may have extremely excellent effects on empowering business to the exposelandish Farmers and also increase their economic development, by providing the fowl farmers with well access to ICT, to fire their business to greater and better general and global markets.Introduction fowl husbandry is maven of the major forms of Agriculture practiced in Nigeria and legion(predicate) other countries in the world. It provides employment with high income to many both in the country-style and urban empowers. For example, the United States, The average net income of poultry farmers can vary from $13,900 per year to $20,000 or more per year. (Poultry Farmer Job Description, 2010). Apart from this, poultry domain also contributes to the gross domestic product GDP of many countries. Based on the research we conducted, we found out that poultry generates about 27% of the line shargon contribution to Nigerians gross domestic product (GDP). Poultry Eggs and meat contribution of the livestock sh are of the GDP increased from 26% to 27% in 1999 (Ojo, 2003). Based on this statistics and the neglect of poultry farming by the Nigerians Government especially in the unpolished ar eas, we intend to show the untaught poultry farmers how they can empower their poultry business by using ICT and some of the recent technological devices.In this paper, we will be focusing our research on a farming(prenominal) part of Adamawa State know as Fufore Local Government Area. Fufore is a small town (a local government) located in the southerly part of Adamawa State. The town is mostly dominated by the Fulani tribe of Adamawa state. studyity of them are into cattle rearing and poultry farming while a a couple of(prenominal) of them are into farming. The main aim of this research is to introduce ICT to these rural people and show them ways they can use it to improve their business.Fufore poultry famersThe poultry famers of this neck of the woods (Fufore) are practicing the kind of poultry farming know as the backyard poultry farming. In this kind of backyard poultry farming, they rear their poultry chicken in the backyard quadriceps of their house instead of putting th em in a chicken coop. A chicken coop is a structure where live chickens are kept all on a chicken homestead or, in our case, a backyard chicken farm (My Back Yard Chicken farm 2007).The kind of poultry farming practiced by these people has so many disadvantages, because in our opinion, the most pregnant aspect of poultry farming is the living accommodations. This is because poultry chickens are fragile and they well get infected by diseases, harsh weather e.t.c which ends up killing many of the chickens if not wipe up the entire poultry. To avoid this, it is expected that the chickens are kept in an isolated place that is clean and well protected. A chicken house is not solitary(prenominal) designed as a place for keeping chickens or shelter for your hens to lay their chicken eggs, but for protection as well. Protecting your chickens from cold drafts or other sorts of poor weather should be your 1 concern when building your first chicken coop. (My Back Yard Chicken farm 2007).M ethodologyMixed research method is used in this research, both quantitative and qualitative. Hence using survey data was collected from poultry farmers where some also practiced aquaculture residing in rural areas of Adamawa state, Nigeria.The population consists of rural dwellers and most of its inhabitants depend on subsistence poultry farming, crop production, and animal herding. The word rural can be defined as places with low level of serve (e.g transport, water, and medical services), non-urban settlements ( much(prenominal) as Fufore villages) and a very high incidence of poverty ( IJEDICT, 2008).Geographically, the Fufore areas utilize both raining rainy season and dry season utilizing the river patois of Benue. It is purely a domestic food producing community. Interviews with some elders in the community show all tribes have their own pattern of traditional industries. There are lots of tribes such as Bata, Verre, Laka and Pere and the largest the Fulani tribes all largel y professing the Islamic faith. Some of their local industries include, stools, mortals, pestles, hoe handles, axe handles, axe, hoe etc (Ayaga 2009).Using structured questionnaire to oppugn the respondents who are poultry farmers. In some situation where our respondents cannot understand English, their native language namely Fulani was used as medium of communication. This present finding on Which poultry farming resources are used by rural poultry farmers? Which ICT resources are used by rural poultry farmers and why? How do ICTs enhance rural poultry farmers and quality of life? What problems those poultry farmers experience when accessing and using ICTs.Profile of RespondentsRespondents were between the ages of 20 40 yrs. The respondents were asked questions that sought to determine personal development with regard to their field of occupation, education. These were questions common to the rural environment. fudge of ICTs used by rural people n=10 to access educational, busin ess/trade, health, poultry farming.Table Shows use and availability of ICTs in the rural areas of Fufore districtICTsEducation of poultry farmingBusiness of Poultry farmHealth of poultryRadio77%88%65%Television38%21%19%Films15%13%7%Cell-phone5%8%2%Telephone1% paintingComputer/internet1%Respondents felt that ICTs were too costly or entirely unavailable. ICTs particularly the radio and TV are what the often see and sometimes use to listen to current affairs and music which highly enrich their lives. In this rural area computer/internet and mobile phone is just seen or available in this area. Most likely only the community chief can afford computer/internet or mobile phone.Major Challenges Faced by Fufore Poultry FarmersThe poultry farmers in this region are faced with a lot of problems ranging from technological to housing. Some of these problems includes Lack of conducive cash machine for poultry (coop), Lack of efficient machineries for the poultry, lack of proper maintenance of th e poultry, lack of efficient medication for the chickens.Lack of efficient machineriesBased on our research, we found out that these farmers not only do not use machineries for their poultry, but they dont even know about these machineries not to think of using them. With the attend to to ICT, we will be able to introduce these poultry farmers to some of the machineries that will help promote their poultry business. An example of machinery that is used for poultry is the egg incubator. The egg incubator comprises a transparent chamber and the equipment that regulates its temperature,humidity, and ventilation. For years, the principle uses for the controlled environment provided by egg incubators is used for hatching poultryeggs (Frank 1991). The first incubators were used in ancient mainland China and Egypt, where they consisted of fire-heated board in which fertilized chicken eggs were placed to hatch, thereby freeing the hens to continue laying eggs. Later, wood stoves and alcoh ol lamps were used to heat incubators. Today, poultry incubators are large rooms, electrically heated to bear on temperatures between 99.5 and 100 degrees Fahrenheit (37.5 and 37.8 degrees Celsius). Fans are used to circulate the heated air evenly over the eggs, and the rooms humidity is set at about 60 percent to minimize the evaporationof water from the eggs. In addition, outside air is pumped into theincubatorto maintain a constant oxygen level of 21 percent, which is normal for fresh air. As many as 100,000 eggs may be nurtured in a large commercial incubator at one time, and all are rotated a minimum of 8 times a day passim the 21-dayincubation period (Frank 1991). With recent technology, there are small egg incubators that fit up to 30 eggs and cost ranging from $49.95 dollars. These incubators are cheap and with the charge of these incubators, the rural fufore poultry famers will be able to hatch the eggs of their chickens. By so doing, they will save a lot of cost purcha sing chicks. An example of this kind of incubator can be seen below.Lack of proper housing for poultryThe poultry farmers around here lack proper housing for their chickens. Instead of caging the chickens in an isolated area to prevent them from getting infected by some diseases and also to help insure their safety from animals like cats and dogs, they exclusively allow them to roam about in the backyard during the day. At night, they lock them up in a room where they spend the night. In order words, the chickens are only allowed to kick in in the day time. All this is because they lack a proper housing because, in a well organized and standard poultry farm, they chickens feed day and night with the aid of light at night. This makes them get mature on time and also insure more productivity.Lack of MedicationsMedication is an important aspect of poultry this is because poultry chickens are fragile and easily gets infected by germs and diseases. Based on our research, we found out t hat poultry disease is one of the major difficulty those farmers are facing. According to one of them named Musa, we lack medicines for these chickens and because of this, when one of the chickens is affected the others also follow suit and without proper medication which we lack, it results to the death of many (Musa, 2010).Lack of skills for poultry managementThe poultry farmers here lack the basic skills of managing and running a poultry farm. The farmers simply concentrate on the eggs that the chickens produce, and postcode else. They depend on those eggs as the major and only source of their poultry income meanwhile the eggs are just one of the sources of income of a poultry. With the aid of ICT, we will be able to show these people some ways they can make money out of the poultry farm apart from the gross revenue of eggs. Some of these include slaughtering the old less productive chickens and supplying the meat to an organization like the American University of Nigeria or fas t food like Yahaya Restaurant. Using their remains as manure on their farms or selling them to the farmers e.t.cProposed ModelGiven an increasing digital divide, we need to ensure that the benefits of new technologies, especially ICT, are available to all. (UN 2000). To achieve this and empower poultry farmers on the use of ICT, the government should do the followingEstablish Telecentres (Information admission price Centers).Telecentres will provide poultry farmers instruction services on in the area of health of poultry, efficient poultry farming techniques, pest management, possible poultry business activities and market price selective information as well as skills training. The use of Telecentres should be free. The description includes the multipurpose community centre whose aim to demonstrate how to use technology for Poultry farming. The telecenters guard web-sourced information made available through various media such projectors, televisions, radio. Telecentres should h ave a website that has links to other websites which carry rich content on Poultry farming techniques, pest management, possible poultry business activities and market price information. Village telecenters should be equipped with computers with Internet capability, fax machines, telephones, televisions, VCRs and various printed materials. The village telecenters should also be network-linked with those established in other neighboring rural telecentres this will facilitate the exchange of experiences, information, and advertisement of community produce. Telecentres should provide services like interpreter telephony to fax, Internet and videoconferencing services to rural poultry farmers.. Telecentre requires the involvement of various institutions for the information processing and dissemination activities. Telecentres will also enlighten the rural dwellers of Fufore on information on basic government services such as health care, information for farmers and other essential support services in rural areas which the inhabitants are interested thus increase the use of ICT. Telecentres staffs should be well trained and have the eager and potential to learn in order to help rural poultry farmers who cannot read and write to get the appropriate information they need.Public call offices/ human beings comprise phonesThe government should install public pay phones or public call offices in rural area of Fufore. This will improve both connectivity and accessibility in rural Fufore by providing various levels and types of public ICT opportunities in the area. The objective is to provide information about poultry farming, e-commerce, ensure financial sustainability and bringing benefits directly to the local poultry farmers.Advantages of ICT to Poultry farmers in the rural areasBetter Access to price information of Poultry productsWith the use of ICT poultry farmers can be aware best prices of their products. Poultry Farmers in rural areas such as fufore are often foun d to be unaware of the value of their Poultry products ( e.g eggs, chickens ) markets. Poultry farmers often find themselves in a poor negotiating smirch with customers in the price of chickens and feeds, which farmers pay an inflated price for. Farmers are unaware of opportunities within their surrounding regions for example which poultry breeds and commodities are fetching higher prices in surrounding towns which products are in high demand, and so on. Accurate information on market standards can help the farmers in their cash returns.Better Access to national and international Markets.It is important to work towards increasing the level of access of information farmers have to potential markets, to facilitate contact between sellers and buyers, promote uncouth exports, facilitate online trading, and make producers aware of potential market opportunities including consumer and price trends in international markets.Greater access to poultry and agricultural informationLocal farme rs with the use if ICT will be educated concerning better practices in poultry farming, such as access information about poultry health thereby lessen disease of chickens(e.g Newcastle disease). And also to bridge the gap between information needs of farmers and the information provided, which is insufficiently localized and overly scientific in its presentation. With access to poultry farming/ agricultural information will give farmers greater awareness about new adapting techniques on droughts, changing weather, diseases and pests and hence increase their production efficiency. certaintyThis empowerment will go a long way in changing the lives of not only Fufore poultry farmers, but it will serve as enlightenment to as many Rural Poultry farmers as possible. If adopted, it will perceive an improvement in their income, social status get greater intelligence of confidence in poultry business. ICT will ensure the provision of the following to the rural dwellers Employment, change market access, improved negotiation position, change in their levels of income, improved levels of cooperation, improved access to information about efficiency and production methods, improved infrastructure/connectivity in the rural areas and access to price information among others.

Organisations Motivational Practices and Reward Systems

Organisations motivational Practices and Reward SystemsIn this task, what I bemuse tried to accomplish is to outline how an organisations motivational practices and rewards systems heap be implement with the help of contrasting motivational theories. For any organisation to be successful they withdraw to motivate their pee-peeforce to change by reversal split so that they gouge dress better, hence providing quality service to the patients.Over the last century organisations establish been dealing with the problems of having a technical aspect to the business and alike a hearty aspect. Therefore, it is evident that the requirement of the people (employees) must be fulfilled in order to run a business successfully. There stir been distinct motivational theories addressed with various rewards systems. However, here is what I believe that HNT should follow.I would like to descry theories of Mayo, Maslow and Herzberg to be implemented in HNT for the best possible results. Mayo has talked or so the Theory of human relations that concentrates on cardinal main factors that isThe importance of teamwork The sense of team spirit and doing what the team expected always ontogenys motivation and the resembling can be done for Hargreen hospital. Sm entirely teams can be made and given responsibilities.The need for managers to lead an interest in their workers (Hawthorne effect) If the superior assigns interest in what their subordinates are doing and closely communicates hence that gives a sense of importance and boosts up the morale of the employee.HNT needs to do the same in their organisation.Mayo received slightly criticism over his guess as well. It is said that the experiment carried out by Mayo are far from being scientific. Only groups with small cast of workers were observed and the later experiments possess failed to confirm the findings. Another thing that has been shoot fored out from Mayos possible action is that the goals of manager s lead not be the same as for the worker patronage their best effort. Trade may see these efforts as managements attempt to fool workers into boosting productivity.Maslow on the other hand talks to the highest degree the hierarchy of needs. HNT should use this to extrapolate what their employees want and how can they provide it to them. The hierarchy is as followsSelf actualisation it means that HNT should arrange training, challenges and opportunities to develop the skills of employees.Esteem needs HNT should give rewards for achievements, promotion and status. kip down and be considerableing needs There should be opportunities for teamwork, social facilities and a positive working relationship between the employees.Safety needs The organisation must see aim sure that on that point are high standards of health and safety with job surety and no bullying culture.Physiological needs Organisations must soften prissy salaries to enable the needs of employees to be met. The work ing hours should be comfortable and so should be the condition.There select been some opponents for Maslows hierarchy as they find the theory unconvincing on various grounds. They argue that any generalisation about trains of human needs is bound to have exceptions. There are cases where businesses would find that thither are workers who are not interested in gaining praise or developing their personal skills. Workers like artists can raze ask for creativity need before financial rewards. Another thing that is to be taken into account is that even if Maslows theory is good, it would be possible for workers to hold all levels of needs at the same workplace. If a person is satisfied with his or her salary then other levels of needs might not be that significant.Herzbergs Two-factor theory is also something that intrigues me. It has two set of factorsMotivators These motivate the workers by providing job comfort includingSense of achievementRecognition of effortInteresting workRes ponsibilityHygiene factors Everything that can establish dissatisfaction in the workplace are related to the working environment likeCompany policyRelationship with supervisor and colleaguesPay and statusSecurityA major problem with Herzbergs theory according to several researches has shown that it cannot be applied to all workers in all(prenominal) business. Some jobs like low skilled cannot be enriched that easily and many workers may not see responsibility or advancement.In the above discussion I have tried to discuss different motivational theories and have illustrated their pros and cons. A mixture of these three motivational theories should be implemented in HNT. Rewards and recognitions both should be given in the shape of financial as in some sort of bonus or a paid trip to vacation spot sponsored by the family. Non financial acknowledgement can be given as a promotion or certificate or letter of appreciation that leave behind make the employee looking good about worki ng hard and give make them even much determined and hard working than before.BTEC topic Certificate in BusinessUnit 16- benignant RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESSTask 2 (P4)Cooperation through contract of employment and employment involving techniquesIn this section, I impart try to show the significance of cooperation in an organisation. The cooperation at any level in any company needs to be from both ends that is from the management side and the employee side. The two factors that slide by the some for the cooperation are the contract of employment and the employment involving techniques.For HNT to survive and retreat its good reputation that is being lost at the moment they need to have consent from both sides that is the employer and the employee. With the cooperation of both parties only it is possible to have a successful plan implemented and getting the desired results.Contract of employment clear illustrates the legal injury and conditions to which both employer a nd employee has to abide by. If one of them violates the policy then the contract forget be dismissed. Contracts states the date of beginning with employer and employee name on it. It clearly shows the responsibilities of both parties and what policies and procedures needs to be followed in the organisation. Like for HNT it will be mentioned that they are bound to pay the stated amount of salary on the contract to the compensate and if they fail to do so they can be accountable for that. The same goes for the employee if they dont work for the stated amount of hours then HNT has the the right way to deduct their salaries according or penalise the employee.Along different aspects that are covered in the contract, one of the important aspects mentioned is conditions of work and service. In that paragraph says conditions may include the followingThe return of hours to be worked When HNT is signing a contract with its employees the number of hours worked by individuals should be cle arly stated. There are some limitations even according to visa policies and the employees should be asked to work within their limits.Appointment and termination The clauses for appointment and termination are also mentioned where the employee and management is addressed to all responsibilities that are required to be adhered. The conditions in which an employee can be terminated are also explicitly mentioned so that when the contract is formed the employee exactly knows about it.The designation of the job The designation for which an employee has been chartered in the company will be mentioned on each and every contract. If an employee is a heart surgeon then his or her designation will be clearly written on the contract.Pay What will be the salary of the employee being hired needs to be mentioned. Things like how the salary is paid? go out it be a basic salary or will it also be commission based? These things should be mentioned for HNT to be on safer side and for the employee a s well.Benefits If HNT plans to give out benefits to their employee then they should be written in the contract as well. It will tell what benefits are available to the employee and when.Disciplinary procedures This shows what action will be taken by the Hargreen hospital if there is a problem with doctors and nurses or the low skilled workers. Action is taken only if the employees in Hargreen infirmary fail to comply with the disciplinary or organisational rules and regulations or if doctors and nurses do full fill their responsibilities. It is important to Hargreen Hospital because if the doctors and nurses knows what action will be taken for archetype if it states that breaking rules leads to dismissal, this will encourage doctors and nurses not to break the rules so that they can to retain their job in Hargreen Hospital. It is important to the Hargreen Hospital because it can easily take action if doctor and nurses misbehaves because it was written in the contract. The contrac t of employment forces the employees to change their behaviour and behaviour according to the rules and regulations of Hargreen Hospital and this case the employee cooperates with the employerNotice If an employee needs to chip in the job or if the company is not happy with the performance of an employee there should be a notice period of at least one calendar month that both the parties of HNT, management and employee, must obey.Grievance procedures If there are complaint or issues by the employees of HNT there should a procedure mentioned in the contract that should guide the employees as to what they need to do to make a point.Employee rights All the rights that are being possessed by the employee must be mentioned in clear row in the contract. If any employee wants to have maternity leave at HNT then it is their right to be given a paid leave and it should be written in the contract.All contracts have some express terms that are normally mentioned in the terms and conditions o r the policy and procedure sections. These are the terms that are stated explicitly to make sure that both parties abide by them. For face the leave system, it can be explicitly stated that an employee cannot take more than 20 days paid leave. There are some implied terms as well that are automatically included to every contract. For example the Data Protection Act. If the company ask the employee to disclose sensitive data like religion, sexual orientation or the employee faces racial discrimination then the company is accountable for that and can be taken to the court of nearice at any time. There are individual labour laws that protect employees fromDiscrimination HNT have to make sure that there is no display of discrimination from their side on the basis of age, race or disability. For example if a patient is discriminated i.e. ascribable to his or her age, gender, race or colour, that patient has the right to report that doctor to court or to the authorities. Hargreen Hospi tal could then carry out an investigation and also provide further training for the medical staff.Pay All employees doing similar jobs must be paid the same amount of money otherwise the employee has the right to hold HNT accountable in court.Absences HNT have to make sure they provide paid leave to the employees especially maternity leaves and the employees have the right to ask for these leaves.Dismissay Employees of HNT have the right not to be dismissed on disciplinary action for trade union activity or on health and safety grounds. health and Safety Regulations The health and safety regulations relate to the physical environment of Hargreen Hospital, relates to aspects like safety entry and exit routes, safe working environment, and safe equipment which also relates to theory of motivating staff by Frederick Herzberg who believed that employees are only motivated if their hygiene factors are met first and then the organisation can use them to work harder. He believed that if th e working conditions in an organisation are unsafe, then the employees will remain demotivated and if the organisation has safe working environment, the safe will be motivated. If doctors in Hargreen Hospital have safe equipments, they will use these equipments effectively to finish their jobs quickly for example during surgery and examinations.All these above stated points will give government agency to both the employer and the employee and provide them a good healthy relation to work together that will result in better performance of Hargreen hospital and lesser employee turnover rate.Employment involving techniques It is another way of achieving organisational cooperation between the two parties. Its not just the legal binding between the employer and the employee that makes the work together but different techniques can be used that involves them both to work together. Here are some examplesQuality Circle HNT can assign a group of employees (doctors, nurses, technicians etc) below supervision to identify, analyse and solve work-related problems and present their solutions to management in order to improve the performance of the organization, and motivate and enrich the work of employees.Suggestion scheme The company can also implement a suggestion scheme where all employees will have the right to give in their suggestion regarding a plastered problem and then the management will address to it in the best possible bearing and try to rectify it. Thus ensuring better working conditions and satisfaction to the employees.Communication groups Different formal (finance dept, accounts dept etc) and informal (sports club, charity club etc) groups can be formed within HNT. These groups can be used often and then to socialise all the employee and management. This will allow the workforce to know each other better and will increase the understanding between them. Therefore, it will increase the performance of the workforce and a better repute of HNT.From the abov e discussion it is understandable that cooperation between the management and the employee is a key factor for the success of HNT. They have to make sure that they abide by the rules and make sure that the communication link between the superior and subordinate is always good and healthy just as said by Herzberg and Mayo in their respective motivational theories.BTEC National Certificate in BusinessUnit 16-HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESSTask 2 (M2)Use of motivation theories in Hargreen HospitalIn this section, we will try and compare the use of motivation in an organisation. We will start off with discussing the different motivations theories that we have discussed earlier and then see how they have managed to affect the effectiveness of an organisation.The three motivational theories recommended by me to HNT (Mayo, Maslow and Herzberg) can be used at different levels of hierarchy in the organisation. But first let us have a look at the use of motivation.If the motivational th eory of Mayo, Maslow and Herzberg is applied to HNT it will definitely reduce the turnover rate and absenteeism as all the needs of the employees will be fulfilled and the coordination of subordinates with their superior will be much better.When the staff is more motivated then they can be used in a much more efficient manner than before. When the employee is provided with good health and safety measures and they know that they are secured they will obviously work better than before.Motivational theories have always emphasised on better relation and understanding between management and staff. Good relation on the basis of motivation can lead to resolving big issues such as industrial relationship issues and problems like strikes. A good motivated team of labourer would never want to go on strike when they know that all their basic necessities are being taken care of by their management.A planned, well trained and flexible workforce can only be strengthened if HNT has a good motivat ional plan implemented in the organisation. This will benefit the organisation in the long run.At this point we can even recommend that HNT can use Mayos theory for all blue collar workers (porters, drivers etc) as it will provide them the sense of working in teams and would give them the bringing close together of how important it is to have communication with their subordinates and peers.A crew of Herzberg and Maslow can be used for an efficient white collars (nurse, doctors etc) workforce as at this stage most of the staff is skilled or semi skilled and these are the people that HNT would want to retain for a longer period of time as they will be spending money to train them and they will have the expertise and knowledge that is vital for the companys growth.Last but not the least a combination of all three, Mayo, Maslow and Herzberg can be used for the gold collars (directors, CEO etc) at the top. They are the ones who have to do the decision making. They should be acquainted with each and every aspect of the organisation. Therefore, it is necessary for them to know about all three motivational theories suggested so that they can implement them all to their subordinates and the process goes on until the last subordinate.BTEC National Certificate in BusinessUnit 16- HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESSTask 2 (D1)Ways of improving motivation in HNTIn this section, we will try to suggest how different ways of motivation can be improved and then try to justify them. We will be giving examples where possible to make the point more clear.Taking into account the current situation it can be seen that the morale of the workforce is low at the moment. Due to this reason there is high turnover rate and also is the cause of absenteeism. For this matter Maslows hierarchy and Mayos theory of human relation can do wonders. If self actualisation is provided by the company to enhance the skills of their workforce then HNT will benefit from it in the long run. The more t he employees get skilled the more will the service quality increase and thus increase the patient satisfaction rate. This will enable the employees to be motivated as they can be getting promotions for their good work. Thus the employees would not think of leaving HNT. The sense of working in teams will also be a vital role player in the motivation of the employees. If the employee work together in teams they get to know their peers and other employees better. They develop better understanding that lifts up the performance of the whole organisation.The long and tedious hours of working and low security has also demotivated the employees. For this purpose Herzbergs two-factor theory is the best solution. A good motivator for the employees at this stage can be giving them interesting work to do. Cut down their long tedious shifts to normal sized shifts and give then different task every day. declare oneself them with facilities to relax a bit (the concept of breaks by Taylor can be used at this point). When HNT will do all this it will make the employee feel good about their jobs. Formation of formal and informal groups at this stage will also be beneficial for the organisation. The Hygiene factor at this point can be providing security to the employees especially to those who work at night. We know that there is high crime rate in that area. No employee would want to work in such a place living is by far out of question. So HNT must try to provide as much security as possible to all its employees so that they are not intimidated at any point of the day while working.As stated there has been a decline in the standards as well. This is also clearly a lack of motivation. There is lot of potential in the organisation but the work force the human element needs to be boosted up. The social aspect of the strategy must be understood and motivational theories at all level from higher, middle and lower level must be implemented in order to regain the good standards tha t HNT once had.If Mayo, Maslow and Herzbergs theories are implemented in a proper way in HNT the organisation can be up and running within a matter of few days. New recruitment from Poland and Germany will also work as a catalyst in this scenario. New workforce coming from abroad will make the working environment more competitive and employees if given incentive with proper rewards and recognition will strive to do better than ever.Motivation can also be improved among employees by using job rotation at work for example different nurses and doctors can be depute to observe during surgery so that they can see how surgery is carried out. This gives them time to have new experiences and also this can act as an educational tour which can improve their skills.Employees can be assigned to perform tasks that porters do for example delivering mails or equipments to surgery room. The organisation uses this type of motivation so that doctors and nurses dont do the same job over and over whic h leads to boredom.Motivation in Hargreen Hospital can be improved by offering doctors and nurses some incentives for example free parking space, subsidised travel, vouchers, health insurance schemes, and nursery places for example if they are offered vouchers, it is like way of appreciating their services such instead of paying 5 for a meal in Hargreen canteen, they can only pay half price which is their way of being motivated. Free parking space enable them to free to come in whenever they want because they will not charged for parking which allows them to do extra work for example the low skilled workers can come in on weekends to clean the hospital even doctors and nurses can come in do work on their own without inviting them.Offering nursery places allows doctors and nurses to bring their children to study at Hargreen Hospital which will all them to have spare time that they have been using to go to get their kids from schools but if Hargreen offers nursery places to doctors t hen they can bring their kids to the hospital in the morning and go back home with them in the evening.